Читать книгу Risks and the Anthropocene - Julien Rebotier - Страница 12

Social science research on risks and disasters multiplied after the Second World War. The range of approaches, concepts and methods used is extremely wide. Different currents feed a plethora of academic literature and quantities are regularly produced offering varied outlooks. Whether it is about collective or individual behaviors (Burton et al. 1978; Rodríguez et al. 2007), root causes (Blaikie et al. 1994; Wisner et al. 2012), the social construction of risks (Oliver-Smith et al. 2017), issues of maldevelopment or justice (Maskrey 1993), or readings of societies and their relationships to environments (Douglas and Wildavsky 1983; Theys and Fabiani 1987; Beck 1992), the intelligibility of risks and their management from the social world defines a vast and diverse knowledge domain.

Note the considerable deployment of initiatives of all kinds (research, studies, policies) on the risks of disasters, on the mechanisms that lead to them, on the ways to identify them and even to manage them (Pigeon and Rebotier 2016). So many efforts question the scope of research in the world that it takes as its object and of which it is part (Ribot 2019). The history and sociology of science show this (Bourdieu 1975; Bonneuil and Pestre 2015), and research on risk bears witness to it: there is no causal link between knowledge and action. Research is one way to produce knowledge (Mercer 2012). It coexists with other interests that are foreign to it and that weigh on it as well as on the arbitrations of action. Research is shaped by the world in which it takes place.