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Education and development in karate comprise three main elements: the physical, the martial and the psycho-spiritual aspect. As a means of physical education it improves the health and provides the basis for a long and healthy life. It helps to build up fighting abilities, and as a method to strengthen mind and soul it can contribute to reach a high level of vitality and mental energy. These different elements are closely connected and support each other. Which of the aspects is prevailing depends on the practitioner’s motivation and aims.

With regard to the fighting abilities there are some common misunderstandings. Many people are afraid when they hear words like “real fight karate” or “street fighting karate”. “Real fight situations” can be considered as rather rare occasions in the everyday life of average people unless such situations are provoked deliberately or one searches for them. But in the past few years, more and more cases of unprovoked attacks or conflicts escalating into violence in the streets or in public transport facilities have happened to occur even in Japan, which is considered as one of the most secure and most disciplined societies of the world. Especially in times of change, family members or friends might be threatened and forced to fight. So, one should be prepared. The best way to escape such situations is to avoid the attack of an enemy or to hit him at vital points in order to gain time to flee.

Normal people are only confronted with a real fight when they have to defend themselves. For the samurai in times of feudal wars, or for the soldiers in the world wars “real fighting” meant simply to kill each other. At this point I must admit that the masters of karate, like myself, practice day by day a bujutsu3 karate that surpasses the limits of self-defense. And, frankly speaking, techniques that surpass the limits of self-defense are techniques to kill people, called satsuhō. It sounds a little bit daring to say it, but this was the starting point of karate as budō, i.e. as “martial way” or “warrior’s way”. But it should be taken into consideration that by practicing budō karate one is doing the same as members of military units are doing who acquire techniques to kill in order to defend their homeland, the land of their ancestors.

The techniques of “minimal” self-defense that are not designed to kill people were developed from techniques that had the purpose to kill.