Читать книгу Reinvention of businesses. Natural Intelligence technology - - Страница 11

The evolution of matter today is already widely considered as part of a global synergetic process. And the emergence of life on the planet, and the origin of the mind, the evolution of conscious life – as part of the epic self-organization of matter.

The origin of life itself is still a big mystery. And we’re not going to solve it. But, since we live in this world, now we are concerned about another question – how to live? For us, it is only important that with the transition from inanimate nature to living nature, the essential feature of systems changes. Inanimate systems are passive systems. And self-organization arises only when the system is pumped with energy from outside. The water in the kettle starts to move (convection), and then boils just because we turned on the stove. Whirlwinds in the atmosphere – cyclones and tornadoes – are the result of its heating by the energy of the sun. If the energy supply is cut off, the systems will rush to an equilibrium state, any heterogeneity will sooner or later be resolved.

But living matter is a completely different matter, these are active systems. Which have their own behavior. And the behavior of living organisms is aimed at reaching the sources of energy necessary for life. Energies in a broad sense are both the heat of the sun for plants, and a nutrient medium, and other living beings that serve as food for a predator, and all kinds of resources necessary for a person to live.

With the transition of passive-to-active systems, the driving force of self-organization changes by 180 degrees. If for the passive it is an excess of energy, then for the active, the main reason is its lack, or, in other words, resource hunger. Indeed, living nature has the ability to reproduce, to produce its own kind. And, in combination with a purposeful movement towards the most favorable living conditions, this inevitably leads to the fact that living organisms, populations and societies always create redundancy. Which, in turn, causes intra- and interspecies struggle and, finally, competition. As a result, there is a resource hunger, which is characteristic of wildlife in all its manifestations. As the poet noted: «Sweet gingerbread is always not enough for everyone.»

This pressure of hunger forces any systems to undergo stages of self-organization, qualitative rebirth, it is hunger that constantly drives them to more and more complex levels of organization, increases disequilibrium. Both the development of life and the emergence of its intelligent form, followed by the evolution of social and economic forms, are precisely the most ambitious stages in the growth of complexity. And within these global stages, many subsystems are just as precisely involved in their struggle for survival and evolution: the origin and disappearance of species, populations, peoples, states… And of course, businesses!

Progress, therefore, is not at all an optimistic process of endless and unrestrained improvement of everything and everything. But only a chain of stages necessary for the survival of any active systems in the face of ever- increasing resource hunger. A chain of alternating stages of adaptation – adaptation, and bifurcation – rebirth.

The principle of minimum dissipation (scattering) of energy, as Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Nikita Nikolayevich Moiseev (1917—2000) suggested calling it the compass of global development in the world of active systems. In the chaos of competition and selection, the structures that make the most efficient use of fading resources win.

«Dissipation of energy is the transition of part of the energy of ordered processes into the energy of disordered processes, and ultimately into heat.»

Homo sapiens (reasonable man) as a biological species, unlike others, ceased to develop immediately upon its appearance. What’s the matter? Everything, the end of development? No, just with the emergence of consciousness, development was transferred to the area of the technosphere – to the area of creating a protective shell around itself, a «fur coat», the so-called «second nature». Machines, mechanisms, technologies – these are all tools that allow a reasonable person to exist more and more efficiently. And the very existence in terms of the creation and use of technology gives rise to the economy, special ways of managing the economy, trade,.. business, finally.

Thus, the global synergetic process is a series of continuous complication of currently existing systems:

• living beings have come a long way from the simplest organisms to very complex ones, to mammals, to «reasonable man» as a result;

• technologies born by a thinking being – man, are continuously becoming more complex from the simplest stone tools – to information technologies, space ships and biotechnologies;

• and the very ways of doing business, business models, are constantly becoming more complicated: a shop in the market – a small store – a supermarket – a trading network – e-commerce – a marketplace.