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So, Dynamics implies control over all task variables. Then her laws work. But systems, even simple in content – just air, gas in a room, consisting of countless molecules – show us the opposite, we never control the movement of all elements of such an object.

In this case, apply the laws and principles that are of a general nature and belong to the section Thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is characterized by an extremely general view of objects – the specific nature of systems does not matter, it is only important that they have some system-wide state parameters, for example, energy, entropy, temperature, pressure, which can be measured. So, the accuracy of physics has already taken a step back? Science no longer calculates the state of each element, but only undertakes to make predictions about the state of their entire set.

A section of thermodynamics familiar from school is the doctrine of heat. This is the study of systems striving for a position of equilibrium both within themselves and with the outside world. The water in the glass cools down, the gas fills the entire available volume, the dust is scattered around the room in an even layer. This is a very sad world – a world of increasing entropy, an inevitable increase in chaos. Even if there are some inhomogeneities – heating, concentration or charge, thermodynamics draws one end – «everything will pass», resolve, level out over time. Everything will come into balance. In a state of equilibrium, when all differences should disappear.

To imagine the opposite, James Clerk Maxwell (1831—1879) – a British physicist, mathematician and mechanic, at one time came up with a hypothetical demon living inside a gas at the molecular level, which could estimate the speed of each molecule, for fast ones – open the door, but not for slow ones. Then one part of the body would spontaneously cool down, while the other would heat up. The impossibility of such a miracle in nature has been called the Second Law of Thermodynamics.