Читать книгу English Grammar with Kudjo. Part 3. Понятная и забавная грамматика для детей и взрослых. - - Страница 6

The past unreal conditional form, also known as the third conditional or conditional 3, is used to express imagined situations that would have happened differently under other hypothetical circumstances. We imagine a condition or situation in the past which was impossible or didn’t happen.

The structure is: 

– If + subject + past perfect, subject + would have + V3.

If Kudjo and Luna hadn’t found the letters, they wouldn’t have found out about the treasure.

EXERCISE 1

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form of the past unreal conditional:

1 If Kudjo and Luna /not want/ to find the letters, they /not go/ to Luna’s country house last weekend.

2 If they /not go/ to Luna’s country house, they /not climb/ to the attic.

3 If they /not climb/ to the attic, they /not alarm/ bats there.

4 If they /not alarm/ bats, the little pup /not get/ frightened.

5 If the pup /not get/ frightened, it /not get/ stuck in a crack.

6 If it /not get/ stuck in a crack, it /fly/ away with its family.

7 If it /fly/ away with its family, it /not leave/ on its own.

8 If it /not leave/ alone, Kudjo /not find/ it in the tree.

EXERCISE 2

Put the verb in the correct form of the unreal conditional of past and answer the questions:

1 What you /do/ if you /find/ half a worm in the apple you were eating?

2 If you /be/ born a hundred years earlier, how your life /be/ different?

3 If you /allow/ to eat whatever you wanted in your childhood, what you /eat/?

4 What you /do/ if you /smash/ your friend’s laptop?

5 If for your last birthday a friend /present/ you a picture she had painted and you didn’t like it, you /put/ it on the wall in your house?

6 What you /do/ if you /see/ a huge spider in your bath last night?

7 What you /do/ if you /come/ home from shopping and /realise/ that you had forgotten to pay for something expensive?

8 What you /do/ yesterday if you /tell/ that all of us had only two days to live?

EXERCISE 3

Look at the situations and make sentences using the unreal conditional of past:

For example,

Kudjo fell off the wall and hurt his paw very much.– If Kudjo hadn’t fallen off the wall, he wouldn’t have hurt his paw.

1 Luna slipped on a banana skin. She twisted her leg.

2 Luna wanted to make tea. She burnt her paws with boiling water.

3 Luna’s mum dropped the iron. She burned her paw.

4 Luna’s dad didn’t drive carefully. He crashed his car.

5 Luna fell down the stairs. She hurt her knee.

6 Luna’s dad walked into a lamp post. He bumped his head.

7 Luna’s mum didn’t slice the bread carefully. She cut her paw badly.

8 Luna didn’t look where she was going. She crashed into a dustbin.

Has something triggered the curse of Luna’s family?

EXERCISE 4

Finish the sentences using the unreal conditional of past:

1 They wouldn’t have found out the truth if ….

2 If Luna’s parents had known that Luna had been in the attic and taken the box, ….

3 If Luna’s parents hadn’t come back home so soon, ….

4 Luna and Kudjo would have opened the box if ….

5 If Luna’s parents had told them the truth from the very beginning,…

6 Kudjo and Luna would have thrown the box away if ….

7 If they had known why the bats were occupying the attic, ….

8 If bats hadn’t flown away, ….

EXERCISE 5

Put the verb in brackets in the correct form of conditional sentences and guess the last word of the sentence:

1 If the bats hadn’t been alarmed, they /continue/ roosting in the attic and protecting the *****.

2 If nobody helps the little pup, it /not survive/ in the *****.

3 Kudjo and Luna would have helped the pup if it /not escape/ from *****.

4 They would have found it immediately if they /look/ in the backpack *****.

5 If they find it this time, they never /let/ it go until it is *****.

6 They wonder what the bats will do if they /realise/ that the pup is *****.

7 If they /realise/ it, will they come back to look for *****?

8 If they /come/ back, would they stay in the *****?

EXERCISE 6

Finish the sentences with your ideas using different types of conditional sentences:

1 If Chilly comes tomorrow, ….

If Chilly came tomorrow, ….

If Chilly had come last weekend, ….

2 If Kudjo and Luna saw the box, ….

If Kudjo and Luna sawed the box, ….

If Kudjo and Luna had sawn the box that time, ….

3 If Luna’s parents learn about the box,…

If Luna’s parents learnt about the box,…

If Luna’s parents had learnt about the box when they were in the country,…

4 If parents always tell their children the truth, ….

If parents always told their children the truth, ….

If Luna’s parents had told Luna the truth from the very beginning,…

5 The parents will be furious if ….

The parents would be furious if ….

The parents would have been furious if ….

6 It will be a disaster unless ….

It would be a disaster unless ….

It would have been a disaster unless ….

7 Kudjo will risk it if ….

Kudjo would risk it if ….

Kudjo would have risked it if ….

8 What will they do if ….

What would they do if ….

What would they have done if ….

EXERCISE 7

Fill the gaps in the story with missing words:

Kudjo and Luna couldn’t continue ***** in Luna’s house. They didn’t even want to imagine what would have happened if the parents had seen them with the saw. When Luna’s parents were *****, Luna crept to the boxroom, found the tool box and carried it to the front door, where Kudjo had been ***** for her impatiently.

It was midnight and if they had started sawing they would have woken up all the neighbours, so they decided to continue it in the morning, said ***** to each other and went to sleep. Kudjo put the box under his ***** and fell fast asleep as soon as he closed his *****.

He had never slept so sound as a top. He wouldn’t have ***** anything even if somebody had started screaming ***** next to him.

The next day he hardly woke up and when he looked at the ***** he was surprised to see that he had been sleeping for 12 *****!

When he took the box he noticed that it had changed the ***** from grey to almost *****. He got puzzled even more when he didn’t see any scratches which they had made while ***** yesterday. He jumped off the bed and ***** to tell Luna about everything.

EXERCISE 8

Find and correct 9 mistakes in the sentences:

1 Luna was looking forward to Kudjo’s coming as she has great news- the parents had finally agreed to go to the country to look for the pup and take care of it.

2 The car didn’t start because Luna’s dad forgot to switch off the lights and the battery went flat. If he remembered to do it, they wouldn’t have had to take a taxi.

3 The taxi was very slow and they came to the country in the late evening. If they had driven their car, they would come much earlier.

4 As soon as they arrived, Kudjo and Luna ran around the house but didn’t see the pup anywhere. It was very dark as the sun was setting. If it weren’t so dark, the pup would have been seen in a tree.

5 Frustrated, the dogs got into the house and ran upstairs to the attic. If they would come a minute later, it would have been too late.

6 The poor little pup was hanging upside down in the corner and a fat neighbour’s cat tried to catch it.

7 The cat would have caught and eaten the bat if Kudjo wouldn’t have barked so loudly that the cat vanished out of sight immediately.

8 Luna took the pup and they went downstairs, where Luna’s parents waited for them.

EXERCISE 9

Choose the correct option:

1 The little bat ***** with hunger and fear when Luna’s parents were poring over it.

a trembled

b was trembling

c has been trembling

2 They decided that if the pup ***** older they ***** to take care of it. But the bat was too young and needed its family.

a were / would agree

b had been / would have agreed

c is / will agree

3 It is clear that they need to find the pup’s family as soon as possible. If they ***** it before long, it ***** die.

a won’t do / may

b didn’t do / will

c don’t do / may

4 Kudjo and Luna took the pup and ran to the village, where there were some abandoned houses. If bats ***** far, they ***** in one of them.

a wouldn’t have flown / would have roosted

b hadn’t flown / would have roosted

c didn’t fly / would roost

5 It had become as black as pitch, but luckily, the dogs had a torch. If they ***** it, they ***** nothing around.

a didn’t take / would see

b wouldn’t take / would have seen

c hadn’t taken / would have seen

6 The pup didn’t make any sounds and refused to eat a bug, which Luna ***** for it.

a had found

b founded

c has found

7 Kudjo and Luna looked in every empty house, but still there were no traces of the bats. What ***** to the pup if they ***** the bats?

a would have happened / didn’t find

b would happen / wouldn’t find

c would happen / didn’t find

8 Suddenly they heard fluttering noises, which ***** louder and louder.

a were getting

b got

c have got

EXERCISE 10

Translate the story:

Малыш вдруг оживился и начал чирикать как птичка. Он все время повторял один и тот же звук, но делал это все громче и громче, жалобнее и жалобнее. Куджо и Луна выключили фонарик и прислушались. Звук трепещущих крыльев становился сильнее и сильнее. Внезапно на них обрушился настоящий шквал крыльев и лап. Бедные Куджо и Луна не знали, что им делать и как защищаться. Что бы ты сделал, если бы был на их месте? Трудно представить, что было бы с нашими собаками, если бы вдруг малыш не заверещал очень-очень громко. В тот же самый момент летучие мыши перестали нападать, взлетели и уселись на дуб. Осталась только одна мышь. Она подлетела к малышу, схватила его и отскочила в сторону вместе с ним. Куджо и Луна сразу догадались, что это была мама малыша. Она начала обнюхивать и облизывать своего детеныша и что-то нежное при этом попискивать.

Если бы малыш не остановил стаю, Куджо и Луна были бы искусаны с головы до кончиков хвостов. К счастью, мыши оказались понятливыми и дружелюбными. Когда малыш все им рассказал, они начали подлетать к Куджо и Луне с разными угощениями- жуками, мухами и прочей летающей гадостью.

Потом случилось самое неожиданное – они собрались в кучку, начали что-то пищать между собой и потом замахали своими крыльями. Если бы Куджо и Луна были летучими мышами, они бы сразу поняли, что их куда-то зовут. Но так как они были просто собаки, то до них эта мысль дошла лишь спустя несколько минут.

(продолжение следует)