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PREFACE.

Table of Contents

This volume contains the condensed substance of more expensive works that have been published relative to the men and times of the American Revolution. The character and acts of the most prominent Sages and Heroes of that eventful era are delineated. A sufficient amount of documentary matter is inserted to enable the reader to fully understand the causes, progress and triumphant termination of that sanguinary struggle that resulted in Freedom to the new world and prepared an asylum for the oppressed. The French and Indian wars are prominently noticed. More Revolutionary names are rescued from oblivion in this book than in any other extant. I have introduced many practical remarks intended to rouse the reflective powers of the immortal mind and increase a patriotic love for our expanding Republic and glorious institutions. These remarks are designed to be living epistles animated with "thoughts that breathe and words that burn." There are many festering wounds on our body politic that need probing to the bottom—cancers that require the best treatment of the boldest operators in moral, religious and political surgery. The text is concise and not dressed in the dogmatical garb of arbitrary punctuation. In preparing the historical part I have consulted numerous documents and the most approved works in our libraries. Once for all I award a general credit. The relation of events is usually in my own plain laconic language. I believe this volume as free from errors as any of its illustrious predecessors. It has long been a cherished desideratum in my mind to place this multum in parvo within the reach of every working man in our land. I have exerted my best efforts to make it interesting and instructive by blending a perspective chart of human nature with the thrilling history of the times that tried the souls of the patriots of '76. It is my ardent desire that it may prove beneficial to readers and publisher.

L. CARROLL JUDSON,

of the Philadelphia Bar.

Philadelphia, March 4, 1851.

PART I.

Table of Contents

Adams John 7Adams Samuel 24Arnold Benedict 32Barney Joshua 39Bartlett Josiah 49Braxton Carter 54Butler Zebulon 58Carroll Charles 63Chase Samuel 68Clark Abraham 77Clymer George 80Dickinson John 87Ellery William 90Floyd William 96Franklin Benjamin 101Gates Horatio 110Gerry Elbridge 114Greene Nathaniel 121Gwinnett Button 129Hall Lyman 132Hancock John 135Harrison Benjamin 141Hart John 148Henry Patrick 151Hewes Joseph 161

Heyward Thomas 168Hopkins Stephen 172Hopkinson Francis 179Hooper William 182Huntington Samuel 186Irvine William 189Jefferson Thomas 191Kalb Baron de 205La Fayette G.M. de 208Lee Francis Lightfoot 219Lee Richard Henry 228Lewis Francis 230Livingston Philip 233Lynch Thomas Jr. 237McKean Thomas 240Marion Francis 246Middleton Arthur 251Morris Lewis 255Morris Robert 261Morton John 267Nelson Thomas 270Otis James 278Paca William 280Paine Robert Treat 284Penn John 288

Quincy Josiah 294Read George 296Rodney Cæsar 300Ross George 306Rush Benjamin 311Rutledge Edward 316Sherman Roger 321Smith James 329Stark John 336Stockton Richard 343Stone Thomas 348Taylor George 352Thornton Matthew 355Varnum Joseph B. 359Walton George 361Warren Joseph 366Washington George 368Wayne Anthony 379Whipple William Jr. 387Williams William 391Wilson James 394Witherspoon John 399Wolcott Oliver 404Wythe George 406Yates Robert 410

PART II.

Table of Contents

Allen Ethan 415Allen Ebenezer 416Allen Moses 416Alexander William 416Armstrong John 416Barry John 416Beatty William 417Biddle Nicholas 417Bland Theodoric 418Blount Thomas 418Boudinot Elias 419Bowdoin James 419Bradford William 419Broad Hezekiah 419Brooks Eleazer 419Brooks John 420Brown Andrew 420Brown John 420Brown Moses 420Brown Robert 420Bryan George 421Burd Benjamin 421Burr Aaron 421Butler Richard 422Butler Thomas 422Cadwalader Thomas 423Caswell Richard 423Champe John 423Chrystie James 424Clark George Rogers 424Clinton Charles 424Clinton George 425Clinton James 425Comstock Adam 425Coward Joseph 426Croghan William 426Cropper John 426Cushing Thomas 427Dale Richard 427Darke William 427Davie Richardson W. 427Davidson William 428Dickinson Philemon 428Drayton Wm. Henry 429Dyer Eliphalet 430Elsworth Oliver 430Forrest Uriah 430Gadsden Christopher 430Gansevoort Peter 431Gibson John 432Gibson George 432Greene Christopher 433Graeff George 433Griffin Cyrus 433Gurney Francis 434Gwinn William 434

Hale Nathan 434Hamilton Alexander 435Hamilton Paul 436Hathaway Benoni 436Hawkins Nathan 437Hawley Joseph 437Hayne Isaac 437Heath William 437Heston Edward 438Holden Levi 438Houston John 438Howard John Eager 439Humphrey David 439Huntington Jedediah 439Irvine Andrew 440Irwin Jared 440Jackson Andrew 440Jackson James 441James John 441Jasper William 442Jay John 443Johnson Francis 443Johnson Samuel 443Johnson William 443Jones John Paul 444Kennard Nathaniel 445King Rufus 445Kirkwood Robert 445Knowlton Thomas 446Knox Henry 446Kosciuszco Thaddeus 446Lacy John 447Laurens Henry 448Laurens John 449Ledyard William 449Lee Arthur 449Lee Charles 450Lee Henry 450Lee Ezra 451Lee Thomas Sim 451Lincoln Benjamin 451Lippitt Christopher 452Livingston Robert R. 452Livingston William 453McClintock Nathaniel 453McKinstry John 453McPherson William 454Madison James 454Manly John 454Marshall John 455Mathews Thomas 455Mercer Hugh 455Meigs Return Jona'n 456Mifflin Thomas 457Miller Henry 457Monroe James 457

Montgomery Richard 458Morgan Daniel 458Morgan John 459Morris Governeur 459Moultrie William 459Muhlenberg Peter 460Nicholson James 460Ogden Matthias 461Olney Jeremiah 461Orr John 461Paine Thomas 461Parsons Samuel H. 462Paulding John 462Peters Nathan 462Peters Richard 463Pettit Charles 463Pickering Timothy 463Pickens Andrew 464Porter Andrew 464Preble Edward 465Prescott William 466Prioleau Samuel 466Pulaski Count 466Putnam Israel 467Putnam Rufus 467Ramsay David 468Randolph Edmund 468Randolph Peyton 468Reed Joseph 468Revere Paul 469Sargent Winthrop 469Scammel Alexander 469St. Clair Arthur 470Schaick Gosen Van 470Schuyler Philip 470Sedgewick Theodore 471Sergeant Jonathan D. 471Smallwood William 472Steuben Francis Wm. Augustus Baron de 472Strong Caleb 472Sullivan John 472Sullivan James 473Stevens Edward 473Thomas John 473Thomas Thomas 474Truxton Thomas 474Wadsworth Jeremiah 474Ward Henry 475Washington William 475Wheelock John 476Williams Otho H. 476Winder Levin 476Wolcott Erastus 476Wooster David 476Wyllis Samuel 477