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Anatomy has its own language and whilst technical, it has a basis in logic, originating from Latin and Greek root words that make it easier to learn and understand the names of muscles, bones and other body parts.

Whether you’re an athlete, personal trainer or strength and conditioning coach, using the correct terminology enables you to interact with other professionals and professional materials.

Like most medical terms, anatomical terms are made up of small word parts, known as combining forms, that fit together to make the full term. These ‘combining forms’ comprise roots, prefixes and suffixes. Knowing the different word parts allows you to unravel the word. Most anatomical terms only contain two parts: either a prefix and a root or a root and a suffix.

For example, if you take the terms subscapular and suprascapular, the root is ‘scapula’, commonly known as the shoulder blade. ‘Supra’ means ‘above’, hence ‘suprascapula’ means something above the shoulder blade and ‘sub’ means ‘below’ indicating in this instance something below the shoulder blade.

Common prefixes, suffixes and roots of anatomical terms