Читать книгу The Surgery of the Skull and Brain - Louis Bathe Rawling - Страница 46

Billroth and the late Professor von Bergmann were the first to narrate cases in which this deformity was present, Lyssenkow[4] added much to the previous records, and de Quèrvain,[5] by prolonged researches, drew further attention to the subject.

Lyssenkow divided the congenital variety into two main groups—exencephaly and cephalocele—the former resulting from a general error in development (the ‘Acrania’ of Muscatelle), the latter a partial or local developmental failure. In exencephaly there is an extensive gap in the vault of the skull, the remainder of the skull being microcephalic in nature, the brain projecting outwards in a varying degree, and the ventricular spaces distended with fluid. In cephaloceles the hole in the skull is usually circumscribed, although the sutures may be widely separated and the ventricles distended with fluid, yet both skull and brain may be normally developed in all other respects.