Читать книгу First Field Guide to Mushrooms of Southern Africa - Margo Branch - Страница 6

Gilled mushrooms typically have a cap on a stalk. Beneath the cap hang the gills like the pages of a book. The gills are covered with a spore-producing hymeniumG. A partial veil encloses the gills at the bud stage, which later becomes the ring. In some species a universal veil encloses the whole bud. As the bud grows this veil splits and leaves a cup (volvaG) at the base of the stem and scales on the cap.

Pored mushrooms of the family Boletaceae have tubes beneath the cap, creating a sponge-like layer.

Bracket fungi usually grow on trees or dead wood. The spore-bearing surface may be gilled, pored, smooth or spined.

Puff-balls are soft-skinned balls filled with spores.

Stinkhorns grow from soft-skinned balls. Sticky, foul-smelling spores coat their tips.

Cup fungi produce spores in cups.

Gilled mushroom

Pored mushroom

Bracket fungus

Puff-ball

Cup fungus

Stinkhorn