Читать книгу First Field Guide to Mushrooms of Southern Africa - Margo Branch - Страница 7

Saprophytic fungi grow on dead organic material. Different species are adapted to grow in different conditions. Some grow on dead grass or leaves, while others thrive on partly digested dung. Many bracket fungi and some mushrooms cause rot in dead wood. (Pages 31–33 and 44–48)

The Mottle-gill, Panaeolus papilionaceus, grows saprophytically on dung.

Parasitic fungi attack living plants or animals and cause diseases such as leaf spot, downy mildew, thrush and ringworm. The Artist’s Fungus and Chicken of the Woods (page 44) are bracket fungi that cause trunk-rot in living trees.

Favolaschia thwaitesii is a tiny gem that grows saprophytically on rotting twigs and branches.

The parasitic Artist’s Fungus, Ganoderma applanatum, causes heart-rot and death in oaks. Artists etch pictures in the white under-surface of young brackets, which stain violet-brown when scratched.