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For a risk assessment to provide the required results, the process must be carefully planned and prepared. One can easily be impatient in this part of the study, aching to get on with the “real work” as soon as possible. In most cases, it is beneficial to allocate sufficient time and resources to prepare the study. Experience has shown that this is perhaps the most critical part of the whole risk assessment process. Without a good understanding of what we want to achieve, it is hard to do a good job.

As described later in the book, there are many ways of doing a risk analysis. A reason why so many different methods have been developed is that risk assessment is applied to a wide range of problems and study objects. To be able to select the best methods, we need to have a good understanding of the problem that we are going to analyze. Further, risk assessments are normally performed to provide input to decisions about risk – whether we need to do something with the risk and if so, what should be done. Understanding the decision alternatives is also important before starting the work. The structure of step 1 is shown in Figure 3.3 .

Figure 3.3 Step 1: Plan the risk assessment.