Читать книгу Risk Assessment - Marvin Rausand - Страница 42

A source or condition that alone or in combination with other factors can cause harm.

We are always surrounded by hazards, but a hazard is not critical until it comes out of control or is triggered one way or another. The event where a hazard comes out of control is an initiating event in the way that we define it below. Hazards can therefore be seen as a primary cause of an initiating event. A hazard can be related to a property of a system or a material (e.g. flammability or toxicity), it can be a state (e.g. gas under pressure, potential energy in an object that has been lifted) or it can be a situation (e.g. a train traveling at high speed). Accident scenarios may involve several hazards, creating domino effects or escalating situations, as illustrated in Example 2.2 .