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1 Churchill, W., ‘Zionism versus Bolshevism: a Struggle for the Soul of the Jewish People’, Illustrated Sunday Herald, 8 February 1920, p. 5, at https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Zionism_versus_Bolshevism. 2 Lee, M. F., Conspiracy Rising: Conspiracy Thinking and American Public Life, Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger, 2011, pp. 62–3. 3 Grey Ellis, E., ‘Coronavirus Conspiracy Theories are a Public Health Hazard’, Wired, 27 March 2020, at https://www.wired.com/story/coronavirus-covid-19-misinformation-campaigns. 4 Hofstadter, R., ‘The Paranoid Style in American Politics’, in The Paranoid Style in American Politics and Other Essays, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996 [1964], pp. 3–40. 5 Edsall, T. B., ‘The Paranoid Style in American Politics is Back’, New York Times, 8 September 2016, at https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/08/opinion/campaign-stops/the-paranoid-style-in-american-politics-is-back.html; Musgrave, P., ‘Donald Trump is Normalizing Paranoia and Conspiracy Thinking in U.S. Politics’, Washington Post, 12 January 2017, at https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2017/01/12/donald-trump-has-brought-us-the-american-style-in-paranoid-politics/?utm_term=.dee6f1f76c8f; Lynch, C., ‘Paranoid Politics: Donald Trump’s Style Perfectly Embodies the Theories of Renowned Historian’, Salon, 7 July 2017, at http://www.salon.com/2016/07/07/paranoid_politics_donald_trumps_style_perfectly_embodies_the_theories_of_renowned_historian; Heer, J., ‘Donald Trump’s United States of Conspiracy’, New Republic, 14 June 2016, at https://newrepublic.com/article/134257/donald-trumps-united-states-conspiracy; Clinton, H., ‘His Disregard for the Values that Make Our Country Great Is Profoundly Dangerous’, 25 August 2016, campaign speech in Reno, NV, at https://www.hillaryclinton.com/post/remarks-on-trumps-prejudice-and-paranoia-in-reno-nv. 6 Jacobsen, L., ‘Das Trump-Puzzle: Angstpolitik’, Zeit online, 3 November 2016, at http://www.zeit.de/politik/ausland/2016-10/donald-trump-puzzle-phaenomen-us-wahl-populismus; Lepenies, W., ‘Die Politik der Paranoia erreicht jetzt auch uns’, Welt.de, 10 March 2016, at https://www.welt.de/debatte/kommentare/article153103845/Die-Politik-der-Paranoia-erreicht-jetzt-auch-uns.html; Stein, H., ‘Der gefährliche Glaube an die große Verschwörung’, Welt.de, 11 September 2016, at https://www.welt.de/debatte/kommentare/article157942289/Der-gefaehrliche-Glaube-an-die-grosse-Verschwoerung.html; Hyde, M., ‘A Waco Week, as Corbynistas Do Politics in The Paranoid Style’, Guardian, 3 August 2018, at https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/aug/03/corbynistas-politics-labour-leader. 7 For the USA, see Oliver, E. and Wood, T., ‘Conspiracy Theories and the Paranoid Style(s) of Mass Opinion’, American Journal of Political Science 58(4), 2014: pp. 952–66; for Europe, see Drochon, H., ‘Who Believes in Conspiracy Theories in Great Britain and Europe?’, in Uscinski, J. (ed.) Conspiracy Theories and the People Who Believe Them, New York: Oxford University Press, 2019, pp. 337–46.