Читать книгу Mutual Aid - Pablo Servigne - Страница 16

From Darwin onwards and throughout most of the twentieth century, biologists and ecologists believed that the main forces which structured the relationships between species within ecosystems were competition and predation. Their experiments were designed to highlight this, and, of course, this is what they ended up observing. The history of observing the opposite forces (mutually beneficial relationships) has been much slower work. It really only took off in the 1970s. Today, studies number in the thousands, and it would be very daring, even crazy, to synthesize them all. However, here is a small overview.