Читать книгу Cyber-physical Systems - Pedro H. J. Nardelli - Страница 16

This book is divided into three main parts with ten core chapters, plus this introduction and the last chapter with my final words. The first part covers Chapters from 2 to 6, and focuses on the key concepts and theories required to propose a new theory for CPSs, which is presented in Chapters 7 and 8 (the second part of this book). The third part (Chapters 9, 10, and 11) deals with existing enabling technologies, specific CPSs, and their social implications

Part 1 starts with systems – the focus of Chapter 2, where we will revisit the basis of system engineering and then propose a way to demarcate particular systems following a cybernetic approach. Chapter 3 focuses on how to quantify uncertainty by reviewing the basis of probability theory and the concept of random variable. In Chapter 4, we will first define the concept information based on uncertainty resolution and then discuss its different key aspects, which includes the relation between data and information, as well as its fundamental limits. Chapter 5 introduces the mathematical theory of graphs, which is applied to scientifically understand interactions that form a network structure, from epidemiological processes to propagation of fake news. Decisions that determine actions are the theme of Chapter 6 discussing different forms of decision‐making processes based on uncertainty, networks, and availability of information. Since decisions are generally associated with actions, agents are also introduced, serving as a transition to the second part.

Part 2 is composed of two dense chapters. Chapter 7 introduces the concept of CPS as constituted by three layers, which are interrelated and lead to a self‐developing system. In Chapter 8, such a characteristic is further explored by introducing different approaches to model the dynamics of CPSs, also indicating performance metrics and their possible optimization, as well as vulnerabilities to different kinds of attacks. With these scientific abstractions, we will be equipped to assess existing technologies and their potential effects, which is the focus of the third part of this book.

Part 3 then covers concrete technologies and their impacts. Chapter 9 presents the key enabling ICTs that are necessary for the promising widespread of CPSs. Chapter 10 aims at different real‐world applications that, following our theory, are conceptualized as realizations of CPSs. Chapter 11 is devoted to aspects beyond technology related to governance models, social implications, and military use.

At the end of each chapter, a summary of the key concepts accompanied by the most relevant references are presented followed by exercises that are proposed for the readers to actively learn how to operate with the main concepts.