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Introduction

HISTORY

Because the individual chapters of this book discuss Colorado’s skiing history in great detail, here I’ll paint the picture using only the broadest of brushes, so as to put the individual backcountry destinations and lost resorts into historical context.

The earliest documented skiing in Colorado dates back to the 1850s. Guides, doctors and nurses, priests, mailmen, and miners all skied simply to get about their work and daily lives through the heart of Rocky Mountain winters. Those earliest skis were made from wood, and averaged 8 to 12 feet long. Animal skins strapped to the base of the skis served as the “skins” that allowed for uphill travel.

It wasn’t long before those pioneering skiers were racing one another downhill. By the 1880s, Crested Butte and Gunnison were already hosting ski races. In 1883, the Ski Club at Irwin became the first documented organization devoted to recreational skiing in the state. By 1887, skiers at Ouray had developed “après skiing,” enjoying wine and food together after a day on the slopes.

Colorado hosted the first Winter Carnival west of the Mississippi in 1912 at Hot Sulphur Springs. Many other Winter Carnivals soon followed, as did an influx of Norwegians, Swedes, Swiss, and other talented skiers. Soon, native Coloradans started to leave their own mark on the state’s ski culture. By 1936, Colorado had its first rope tow; by 1939, its first overhead chairlift. Both of these “firsts” belong to ski areas that are now lost, as do other significant milestones—first night skiing, lowest elevation ski area, first double chair.

The 10th Mountain Division, which trained at Camp Hale near Leadville, ushered in another era of skiing for Colorado. When the soldiers returned from World War II, they founded many of the state’s megaresorts that operate today.

Today, only a relative handful of ski areas remain open—27, plus or minus a few in any given year. They include the big resorts—Breckenridge, Vail, Aspen, Telluride, and Steamboat—and also mom-and-pop locations such as Eldora, Monarch, Wolf Creek, and Sunlight. These resorts continue Colorado’s legacy as “Ski Country USA.” But it was the lost ski areas—which total perhaps as many as 200—that started it all.

Looking down the lift line of Bear Bumps at Cuchara Mountain Resort

They closed for many reasons. Competition. Not enough skiers. Inconsistent snowfall. Financial woes. Yet they all share one common attribute—they’ve become Colorado’s “other” ghost towns. They are powder ghost towns, reclaimed by the mountains with the passage of time and falling of snow each winter season. But they remain accessible to the backcountry skier who is willing to leave the beaten track and the lifts behind in search of untouched powder and tangible pieces of Colorado’s skiing past.

USING THIS GUIDE

This section describes how to use the guidebook, including how lost ski areas were selected for inclusion, as well as the information you’ll find within each chapter.

CRITERIA FOR INCLUSION

The selection process for deciding what lost ski areas would be included in the book was, in part, a subjective one. As the author of the book, I had the luxury of deciding which ones did and didn’t make the cut. In general, every ski area had to have a blend of good history and good skiing. But I did try to bring a degree of objectivity to the table. Every ski area also had to satisfy three basic criteria:

 It had to be legally and publicly accessible (about half of Colorado’s lost ski areas are on private property);

 It had to have enough vertical to make the skiing worthwhile (many lost ski areas were small rope tows with vertical measured at a few hundred feet or less);

 It had to have reliable snowfall (more than a few lost ski areas, especially those in the Front Range, closed for lack of consistent snowfall).

Those criteria were more guidelines, though, than hard and fast rules. In the end, I made choices intended to give you—the reader and backcountry skier—the best skiing. If it made sense to link up a smaller lost ski area with a larger area of backcountry terrain above it, I did so. In a select few cases, a historically significant ski area was fully or partly on private property, but the mountain above it or adjacent to it was perfectly public. In those cases I’ve sent you nearby. And in an equally small number of cases, I’ve included significant ski areas that were proposed but never built.

The remainder—the vast majority—are exactly what you’d expect; lost ski areas where you’ll backcountry ski the same runs that were once served by lifts. In some instances, those areas are old enough to have become overgrown almost beyond the point of recognition. In other instances, the lost ski area remains so intact—with buildings and lifts and chairs hanging from those lifts—that the feeling is almost spooky. They genuinely feel like “powder ghost towns.”

In the end, though, the areas selected for inclusion in this book all guide you to my original goal: good skiing blended with good history. And in so doing, they offer a new world of backcountry possibilities to satisfy your powder dreams.

CHAPTER SECTIONS

Every chapter in this book includes the following information for each lost ski area:

The Essentials		Basic statistics that summarize the area.
The History		Just what it sounds like.
The Trailhead		Where to start.
The Approach		How to get there.
The Descents		How to get back down.
The “Buzz”		What other backcountry skiers have to say about it.
The Après Ski		Where to get food and drink when you’re done on the slopes.

While most of those sections are largely self-explanatory, the first section—The Essentials—requires greater elaboration. Every chapter begins with a basic summary of statistics that summarize the ski area. Those statistics include:

Nearest Town

The closest town where you can expect to find basic services like gas and dining. This may not necessarily be the closest town as listed on a map, which might not provide those services.

Distance

The one-way distance from the trailhead to the highest point from which you’d start your ski descent.

Vertical

The amount of vertical gain you can expect from the trailhead en route to the high point. Typically, this is listed as the net vertical gain. However, if there is a significant difference between the net gain and the cumulative gain, the overall (cumulative) vertical gain will be listed parenthetically.

Season

The best time to ski the area.

Elevation Range

The highest and lowest elevations you’ll encounter during your outing.

Difficulty Rating

An overall measure of the effort required to ski the area, listed as easy, moderate, or strenuous. Keep in mind that this is an overall estimate. Routes that have significantly shorter mileage but are off-trail through deep snow may be listed as more difficult than routes that have much longer mileage, but are on packed trails. This is not a measure of the difficulty of the skiing.

Skiing Rating

How good is the quality of the skiing? Indicated by one, two, or three symbols. One symbol indicates an area where the skiing experience is enhanced by the history of the place, even if the skiing isn’t great. Two symbols indicates an area with good skiing, well worth returning to many times. Three symbols indicates great skiing—add it to your list of pilgrimage sites.

SNOTEL Station

SNOTEL is a program of the Natural Resources Conservation Service, and is an acronym for Snowpack Telemetry. The system is made up of a network of automated stations throughout the western United States that collect snowpack and climate data. The daily readings from those stations can be invaluable in deciding where to ski on a particular day. Each ski area lists the nearest SNOTEL station by both name and number. In order to view the data for a given station, select the SNOTEL site from the map or the drop-down menu on the following websites: www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/snotel/Colorado/colorado.html and www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/snotel/Wyoming/wyoming.html.

Forest Zone

Lists the jurisdiction in which the lost ski area is located. Full contact information, including street addresses and telephone numbers, are listed alphabetically for all forest zones in the Resources section. These are typically national forest ranger districts, although they may also be state parks, city or county open space programs, or other landowners.

CAIC Zone

Lists the zone in which the lost ski area is located. CAIC stands for the Colorado Avalanche Information Center. CAIC evaluates the stability of the snowpack regularly throughout the state, and posts daily updates on its website—http://avalanche.state.co.us—including an assessment of the avalanche hazard.

USGS Quad

The appropriate topographic map published by the U.S. Geological Survey.

Weather

Lists the code for the latest Zone Area Forecast, a mountain range-specific weather forecast provided by the National Weather Service. In order to review the forecast for your zone, visit the following website (in place of the “XXXXXX” at the end of the web address, type the six-digit letter and number code listed for the ski area): http://forecast.weather.gov/MapClick.php?zoneid=XXXXXX

The author digs a snow pit to assess avalanche hazard in Montezuma Basin, near Aspen.

Waypoints

Select GPS waypoints are given in the text for trailheads and topographic features of ski run approaches and descents. The Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) system of map coordinates was used to establish the waypoints. The UTM system is based on lines of latitude and longitude, dividing the world into zones, and then subdividing those zones into a network of grids. UTM coordinates allow you to locate the correct grid, and then plot an “easting” and a “northing” to pinpoint a particular waypoint. For more information on the UTM grid, see the USGS website at http://erg.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/factsheets/fs07701.html.

SNOWPACK AND HAZARDS

Colorado’s continental climate is notorious for creating an unstable snowpack. Please use safe travel techniques. Read a book about evaluating snowpack stability, avalanche hazard, and avalanche rescue (see the snow safety section in the Resources for some suggested reading). Better yet (much better yet), take a class. Practice your skills to keep them fresh. Always wear a beacon, and carry a shovel and probe. Always travel with partners, and make sure that they do the same (and know how to use the equipment). Since entire books have been written about this topic, I won’t say more here. But do take the hazard seriously. Your life depends on it.

PUBLIC AND PRIVATE LAND

Finally, I wanted to say a brief word about public and private lands. If you ski every run in this book and use every approach, you’ll be on public land more than 90 percent of the time. But there will be times when you’ll cross private land (on legal easements and rights-of-way), or will be skiing above or next to private property. Please respect private property. Although it may be tempting to poach runs—particularly in instances when the landowner is absentee and out of state—I don’t recommend or condone such practices. If you make the decision to trespass on private property (and I hope you don’t), you do so of your own free will and motivation.

Also, although it is unlikely, it is entirely possible that land will change hands from public to private, and vice versa, or that easements or rights-of-way will change. It is also possible, in a rare number of cases, that a lost ski area will be revived and reopen its doors, or that an application for a new special use permit may result in unexpected restrictions on areas that are otherwise public. All of these scenarios could affect the approaches and descents listed in this book. Always respect the current state of affairs, and please notify me, the author, of any such changes so that I may incorporate them into future editions of the guide. You may contact me through Wilderness Press at info@wildernesspress.com.

TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS AND AERIAL PHOTOS

Every ski area in this book is accompanied by a corresponding topographic map that shows trailhead locations, approach routes, and descents. For a subset of ski areas—those that still have a complex network of runs in the trees—I’ve also included an annotated aerial photograph, in order to make the runs and the terrain clearer than could be described in the text or on the topographic maps. All aerial photos are courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey.