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6CNC Router Essentials

2 : Design Essentials

Using 2-D designs

A wide variety of CNC work can be accomplished using just 2-D lines, Image 2.1. Any CAD program can be used to create a 2-D line design, but designs must be saved as or converted to a vector line format to be compatible with the CAM toolpathing soware. A vector line is made up of points that represent the geometry of the line, Image 2.2. One big benefit of a vector line design is that you can scale it up or down without losing details or resolution. Most CAD programs can create vector line designs, Image 2.3. Common vector file formats include .dxf, .esp, .dwg, .ai, and some .pdf files. These various file formats

Image 2.1: A 2-D line design creates a part that looks like it has been cut out on a bandsaw.

Image 2.2: The basis of all 2-D CNC design work is the creation of vector lines. Vector lines are made up of control points, and can be scaled larger or smaller without losing any detail. CAM programs use vector lines to create the toolpath cutting files. VCarve Pro (shown here) contains CAD drawing tools that create vector lines by default.

Control point

Vector lines

CAD drawing tools

2-D vector line drawing2-D part