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If you're unfamiliar with virtualization computer terms, it's a good idea to read through the first several pages of Chapter 22, “Exploring the Virtualization Environment.” But here are a few basic definitions to get you started:

 Virtual machine (VM)—A computer system that appears and acts as a physical computer server to its users and operating system but is actually a grouping of files and programs managed by a hypervisor

 Hypervisor—Software application used to create and manage virtual machines

 Host machine—The physical server on which the hypervisor and its virtual machines run

In the next few sections, we'll look at the hardware requirements needed for installing the Ubuntu server distribution directly on a physical server and for installing it within a virtualized environment.