Читать книгу Mastering Linux System Administration - Richard Blum - Страница 67

Before package management systems and application containers, open source application developers had to distribute their software as source code and allow users to compile the applications on their own systems. Source code packages were commonly released as a tarball. Tarball packages bundle files into an archive file using the tar command‐line command. Once the files are bundled into a tarball, it's common to use a compression utility to compress the file to easily distribute it.

Once you've obtained a software source‐code package tarball, there are a few steps you'll need to go through to install the software:

1 Unpack the files in the tarball using the tar command. The ‐xvf options expand the tarball specified on the command line. Optionally, if the tarball has been compressed, you'll need to include an option to uncompress the file. Use ‐J for .xz compressed files, or use ‐z for .gz compressed files.

2 Create the script for compiling the software on your system using the configure script included with the package. This detects what tools are installed on the system and what CPU features and capabilities are available. This creates a Makefile script to build the software.

3 Run the Makefile script to compile the source code using the make command.

4 Install the software using the make install command.

The software package developer determines the installation location and whether you need to have root privileges to run the application.