Читать книгу Essential Endocrinology and Diabetes - Richard I. G. Holt - Страница 79

 Hormones act by binding to receptors and triggering intracellular responses

 Tissue distribution of the receptor determines where a hormone exerts its effect

 The two major subdivisions of hormone receptor are classified by their cellular site of action: cell surface or nuclear

 Peptide hormones and catecholamines act via cell‐surface receptors and generate fast responses in seconds or minutes

 Steroid and thyroid hormones act via nuclear receptors to alter the expression of target genes, with subsequent translation into protein; the response is slow, most commonly over hours

 Mutations in genes encoding any part of the cascade from hormone to hormone receptor and downstream signalling cascade can cause under or over‐activity, or, potentially, tumour formation