Читать книгу Explosion Vented Equipment System Protection Guide - Robert C. Comer - Страница 13

Symbols

Adshear area at minor diameter of bolt, in.2Adoorcross‐sectional area of access door, in.2Apcross‐sectional area of panel, in.2 = Wp tpApinarea of pin, in.2Asshear area, in.2Avcross‐sectional area of vent and minimum annular perimeter area of cage, in.2Awweld area, in.2A1,2,3,4nozzle and reinforcing ring areas, in.2alength of the longest side of the panel, in.blength of the shortest side of the panel, in. (Note: The short side of the panel is always the controlling side in the stress analysis.)bar14.50 psiCdistance from centroidal axis to panel center, in.Cptp/2DLFdynamic load factor = 1.2EYoung's modulus of elasticity in tension and compression, psi (for steel this value is 30 × 106 psi)eefficiency, %Faxial tension in cylinder wall, lbs/in.Faallowable load per pair of welds, lbsfsshear load on bolts, psif1maxmaximum stress at center of panel long edge, psif2maxmaximum stress at center of panel, psif ′combined shear and tension in bolts, psifmaxmaximum stress, psiFTtotal load on bolts, lbsFtuultimate strength of material, psiFty0.2% yield strength of material, psiFrvented reaction force of explosion, lbsFxhorizontal reaction force of vented explosion, lbsFyvertical reaction force of vented explosion, lbsGmodulus of elasticity in shear, psihcylinder wall thickness, in.Hheight of member, in.ICmoment of inertia of composite member, in.4IPmoment of inertia of panel, in.4Kstexplosibility of material, bar‐m/sLlength, span of beam, etc., in.LBload per bolt, lbsLTtotal load on flange, lbsLttotal load on each panel, lbsLcconcentrated load, lbsLwweld length, in.Mmaxmaximum moment, in.‐lbsMoedge moment on panel, in.‐lbsNnumber of boltsPmaxmaximum pressure of deflagration, barPredexplosion flowing pressure, psiPstatvent burst element release pressure, psiQstatical moment of panel about centroidal axis = Ap C, lbs/in.Ravgaverage reaction force normal to panel surface, lbs/in. (a × b × Pred/2a + 2b)Rmaxreaction force normal to the panel surface, lbs/in. (at center of long side)Rl = Rrend reactions on panels and reinforcing members, lbs/in.Rocylinder radius, in.Saallowable stress (2/3 of the 0.2% yield strength), psiScSection modulus of reinforcing composite member, in.3Sstresses in material, psiSuultimate strength of the material, psitpthickness of the panel, in.twweld size, in.Tbolt torque, in.‐lbsTttotal load on panel, lbsTpthickness of reinforcing ring, in.vPoisson's ratioVoshear load on panel edge, lbsVmmaximum vertical shear end reaction load, total load/2, lbsVhhorizontal shear between panel and reinforcing member, = Vm Q/Ic = lbs/in.wuniform edge load acting on the reinforcing member, lbs/in. = Rmax × 2 panelsw.g.water gauge pressure, inches of water, psiWbmaximum individual bolt load, lbsWpwidth of panel or reinforcing ring, in.wt/ftweight per foot of reinforcing member, lbs/ftymaxmaximum deflection of the panel, in.Zdistance of bolt farthest from neutral axis, in.

Greek Symbols

αcoefficient from Table 2.1βcoefficient from Table 2.1∆growth of cylinder under load, in.σ x,y stress in cylinder wall, psiσmaxstress in head, psi

Note: All pressures are gage pressures unless otherwise indicated.