Читать книгу Entrepreneurial Finance - Robert D. Hisrich - Страница 37

Equity represents the shareholders’ stake in the firm. The book value of equity known as shareholders’ equity or stockholders’ equity is the portion of firm capital provided by its investors. This amount is the cumulative amount shareholders have invested in the venture, plus or minus cumulative earnings or losses, minus distributions to owners. This section of the balance sheet is composed of the following:

1 Par value (nominal amount per share of stock or stated value if the stock has no par value)

2 Capital surplus (amount paid for shares of stock by investors in excess of par or stated value)

3 Retained earnings (prior and current periods’ earnings and losses minus dividend payment)

4 Accumulated other comprehensive income or losses (accumulated unrealized gains and unrealized losses such as foreign currency hedges or unrealized pension costs)