Читать книгу The Creative Arts in Counseling - Samuel Gladding T., Samuel T. Gladding - Страница 63

Music is used in play in a number of ways but primarily to set a tone or mood for an activity. One of the more integrative ways of fusing music and play together is through music play therapy (J. J. Moreno, 1985). In this approach, just as in play therapy, a nondirective orienta tion is taken, but the playroom is supplied with musical instruments instead of toys and traditional play therapy materials. Children with whom this approach is tried gradually become tired of randomly playing instruments and commit themselves to playing a tune either by themselves or with the counselor. In so doing, these children establish a structure to which they become committed. This active setup can be manipulated for the overall benefit of the children.

Another way music and play may be combined is through improvised musical play, an intervention technique that uses improvised music and lyrics to encourage social play among developmentally delayed and nondelayed children in mainstream settings (Gunsberg, 1988). In such situations, teachers make up simple songs using familiar tunes to describe what is occurring with the children, such as “Everyone is clapping their hands and being active.” This encourages continuous interaction of the children and sustains “social play episodes lasting more than three times the expected duration” (Gunsberg, 1988, p. 178).