Читать книгу Respiratory Medicine - Stephen J. Bourke - Страница 103

 A reduced FEVI:VC ratio indicates airways obstruction (e.g. asthma, COPD).

 A reduced KCO indicates disease of the lung parenchyma or its blood supply (e.g. emphysema, lung fibrosis, pulmonary embolism).

 Type I respiratory failure is hypoxia without hypercapnia and may occur in any disease intrinsic to the lung (e.g. asthma, pulmonary oedema, pulmonary embolism, lung fibrosis).

 Type II respiratory failure is hypoxia with hypercapnia and indicates hypoventilation (e.g. sedative overdose, neuromuscular disease or moderate to severe COPD where it occurs in conjunction with a type I respiratory failure).

 An elevated alveolar–arterial gradient implies a problem intrinsic to the lung.