Читать книгу Optical Engineering Science - Stephen Rolt - Страница 2
Table of Contents
Оглавление1 Cover
2 Preface
3 Glossary
5 1 Geometrical Optics 1.1 Geometrical Optics – Ray and Wave Optics 1.2 Fermat's Principle and the Eikonal Equation 1.3 Sequential Geometrical Optics – A Generalised Description 1.4 Behaviour of Simple Optical Components and Surfaces 1.5 Paraxial Approximation and Gaussian Optics 1.6 Matrix Ray Tracing Further Reading
6 2 Apertures Stops and Simple Instruments 2.1 Function of Apertures and Stops 2.2 Aperture Stops, Chief, and Marginal Rays 2.3 Entrance Pupil and Exit Pupil 2.4 Telecentricity 2.5 Vignetting 2.6 Field Stops and Other Stops 2.7 Tangential and Sagittal Ray Fans 2.8 Two Dimensional Ray Fans and Anamorphic Optics 2.9 Optical Invariant and Lagrange Invariant 2.10 Eccentricity Variable 2.11 Image Formation in Simple Optical Systems Further Reading
7 3 Monochromatic Aberrations 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Breakdown of the Paraxial Approximation and Third Order Aberrations 3.3 Aberration and Optical Path Difference 3.4 General Third Order Aberration Theory 3.5 Gauss-Seidel Aberrations 3.6 Summary of Third Order Aberrations Further Reading
8 4 Aberration Theory and Chromatic Aberration 4.1 General Points 4.2 Aberration Due to a Single Refractive Surface 4.3 Reflection from a Spherical Mirror 4.4 Refraction Due to Optical Components 4.5 The Effect of Pupil Position on Element Aberration 4.6 Abbe Sine Condition 4.7 Chromatic Aberration 4.8 Hierarchy of Aberrations Further Reading
9 5 Aspheric Surfaces and Zernike Polynomials 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Aspheric Surfaces 5.3 Zernike Polynomials Further Reading
10 6 Diffraction, Physical Optics, and Image Quality 6.1 Introduction 6.2 The Eikonal Equation 6.3 Huygens Wavelets and the Diffraction Formulae 6.4 Diffraction in the Fraunhofer Approximation 6.5 Diffraction in an Optical System – the Airy Disc 6.6 The Impact of Aberration on System Resolution 6.7 Laser Beam Propagation 6.8 Fresnel Diffraction 6.9 Diffraction and Image Quality Further Reading
11 7 Radiometry and Photometry 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Radiometry 7.3 Scattering of Light from Rough Surfaces 7.4 Scattering of Light from Smooth Surfaces 7.5 Radiometry and Object Field Illumination 7.6 Radiometric Measurements 7.7 Photometry Further Reading
12 8 Polarisation and Birefringence 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Polarisation 8.3 Birefringence 8.4 Polarisation Devices 8.5 Analysis of Polarisation Components 8.6 Stress-induced Birefringence Further Reading
13 9 Optical Materials 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Refractive Properties of Optical Materials 9.3 Transmission Characteristics of Materials 9.4 Thermomechanical Properties 9.5 Material Quality 9.6 Exposure to Environmental Attack 9.7 Material Processing Further Reading
14 10 Coatings and Filters 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Properties of Thin Films 10.3 Filters 10.4 Design of Thin Film Filters 10.5 Thin Film Materials 10.6 Thin Film Deposition Processes Further Reading
15 11 Prisms and Dispersion Devices 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Prisms 11.3 Analysis of Diffraction Gratings 11.4 Diffractive Optics 11.5 Grating Fabrication Further Reading
16 12 Lasers and Laser Applications 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Stimulated Emission Schemes 12.3 Laser Cavities 12.4 Taxonomy of Lasers 12.5 List of Laser Types 12.6 Laser Applications Further Reading
17 13 Optical Fibres and Waveguides 13.1 Introduction 13.2 Geometrical Description of Fibre Propagation 13.3 Waveguides and Modes 13.4 Single Mode Optical Fibres 13.5 Optical Fibre Materials 13.6 Coupling of Light into Fibres 13.7 Fibre Splicing and Connection 13.8 Fibre Splitters, Combiners, and Couplers 13.9 Polarisation and Polarisation Maintaining Fibres 13.10 Focal Ratio Degradation 13.11 Periodic Structures in Fibres 13.12 Fibre Manufacture 13.13 Fibre Applications Further Reading
18 14 Detectors 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Detector Types 14.3 Noise in Detectors 14.4 Radiometry and Detectors 14.5 Array Detectors in Instrumentation Further Reading
19 15 Optical Instrumentation – Imaging Devices 15.1 Introduction 15.2 The Design of Eyepieces 15.3 Microscope Objectives 15.4 Telescopes 15.5 Camera Systems Further Reading
20 16 Interferometers and Related Instruments 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Background 16.3 Classical Interferometers 16.4 Calibration 16.5 Interferometry and Null Tests 16.6 Interferometry and Phase Shifting 16.7 Miscellaneous Characterisation Techniques Further Reading
21 17 Spectrometers and Related Instruments 17.1 Introduction 17.2 Basic Spectrometer Designs 17.3 Time Domain Spectrometry Further Reading
22 18 Optical Design 18.1 Introduction 18.2 Design Philosophy 18.3 Optical Design Tools 18.4 Non-Sequential Modelling 18.5 Afterword Further Reading
23 19 Mechanical and Thermo-Mechanical Modelling 19.1 Introduction 19.2 Basic Elastic Theory 19.3 Basic Analysis of Mechanical Distortion 19.4 Basic Analysis of Thermo-Mechanical Distortion 19.5 Finite Element Analysis Further Reading
24 20 Optical Component Manufacture 20.1 Introduction 20.2 Conventional Figuring of Optical Surfaces 20.3 Specialist Shaping and Polishing Techniques 20.4 Diamond Machining 20.5 Edging and Bonding 20.6 Form Error and Surface Roughness 20.7 Standards and Drawings Further Reading
25 21 System Integration and Alignment 21.1 Introduction 21.2 Component Mounting 21.3 Optical Bonding 21.4 Alignment 21.5 Cleanroom Assembly Further Reading
26 22 Optical Test and Verification 22.1 Introduction 22.2 Facilities 22.3 Environmental Testing 22.4 Geometrical Testing 22.5 Image Quality Testing 22.6 Radiometric Tests 22.7 Material and Component Testing Further Reading
27 Index
