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Antiquity to Christianisation of the Roman Empire
Battle of Alesia
(September, 52 BCE)

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To ensure that your whole host may withstand the brunt of the enemy’s attack and remain unshaken – this is effected by manoeuvers direct and indirect.

(Sun Tzu, Ch. 5, 3)

Labienus, when neither the ramparts or ditches could check the onset of the enemy, informs Caesar by messengers of what he intended to do. Caesar hastens to share in the action.

His arrival being known from the colour of his robe, and the troops of cavalry, and the cohorts which he had ordered to follow him being seen, as these low and sloping grounds were plainly visible from the eminences, the enemy join battle. A shout being raised by both sides, it was succeeded by a general shout along the ramparts and whole line of fortifications. Our troops, laying aside their javelins, carry on the engagement with their swords. The cavalry is suddenly seen in the rear of the Gauls; the other cohorts advance rapidly; the enemy turn their backs; the cavalry intercept them in their flight, and a great slaughter ensues. Sedulius, the general and chief of the Lemovices is slain; Vergasillaunus [Vercassivellaunos: relative of Vercingetorix], the Arvernian, is taken alive in the flight, seventy-four military standards are brought to Caesar, and few out of so great a number return safe to their camp. The besieged, beholding from the town the slaughter and flight of their countrymen, despairing of safety, lead back their troops from the fortifications. A flight of the Gauls from their camp immediately ensues on hearing of this disaster, and had not the soldiers been wearied by sending frequent reinforcements, and the labour of the entire day, all the enemy’s forces could have been destroyed.

(adapted from: Caesar’s Commentaries on the Gallic and Civil Wars, translated by W. A. McDevitte and W. S. Bohn)

Art of War

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