Читать книгу Applied Organic Chemistry - Surya K. De - Страница 13
List of Abbreviations
Оглавление| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| Å | Ångström | NA |
| Ac | Acetyl | |
| Acac | Acetylacetonyl | |
| AIBN | 2,2′‐Azobisisobutyronitrile | |
| Alloc | Allyloxycarbonyl | |
| Aq | Aqueous | With water |
| Ar | Aryl | Substituted aromatic ring |
| 9‐BBN | 9‐Borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane | |
| BINAL‐H | 2,2′‐Dihydroxy‐1,1′‐binaphthyl lithium aluminum hydride | |
| BINAP | 2,2′‐Bis(diphenylphosphino)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl | |
| BINOL | 1,1′‐Bi‐2,2′‐naphthol | |
| BMS | Borane dimethyl sulfide complex | H3B • SMe2 |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| Boc | tert‐Butoxycarbonyl | |
| BOM | Benzyloxymethyl | |
| b.p. | Boiling point | NA |
| BPO | Benzoyl peroxide | |
| Bn | Benzyl | |
| br | Broad | NA |
| Bz | Benzoyl | |
| n‐Bu | n‐Butyl | |
| t‐Bu | tert‐Butyl | |
| °C | Degree Celsius | NA |
| 13C NMR | Carbon NMR | NA |
| CAN | Ceric ammonium nitrate | (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6 |
| cat. | Catalytic | NA |
| Cbz (Z) | Benzyloxycarbonyl | |
| conc. | Concentrated | NA |
| COSY | Correlation spectroscopy | NA |
| CDI | Carbonyldiimidazole | |
| CSA | Camphorsulfonic acid | |
| CTAB | Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide | |
| Δ | Chemical shift in ppm | NA |
| d | Doublet | NA |
| DABCO | 1,4‐Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| DAST | Diethylaminosulfur trifluoride | |
| Dba | Dibenzylideneacetone | |
| DBAD | Di‐tert‐butyl azodicarboxylate | |
| DBU | 1,8‐Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec‐7‐ene | |
| DCC | N,N′‐Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide | |
| DCE | 1,2‐Dichloroethane | |
| DCM | Dichloromethane | CH2Cl2 |
| DCU | N,N′‐Dicyclohexylurea | |
| DDQ | 2,3‐Dichloro‐5,6‐dicyano‐1,4‐benzoquinone | |
| de | Diastereomeric excess | NA |
| DEAD | Diethyl azodicarboxylate | |
| DET | Diethyl tartrate | |
| DHP | 3,4‐Dihydro‐2H‐pyran | |
| (DHQ)2PHAL | Bis(dihydroquinino)phthalazine |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| (DHQD)2‐PHAL | Bis(dihydroquinidino)phthalazine | |
| DIAD | Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate | |
| DAIB (DIB) | (Diacetoxyiodo)benzene | |
| DIBAL‐H | Diisobutylaluminum hydride | |
| DIC | Diisopropylcarbodiimide | |
| DIEA (DIPEA) | Diisopropylethylamine | |
| DIPT | Diisopropyl tartrate | |
| DMA | N,N‐Dimethylacetamide | |
| DMAP | 4‐N,N‐Dimethylaminopyridine | |
| DME | 1,2‐Dimethoxyethane | |
| DMF | N,N‐Dimethylformamide | |
| DMP | Dess–Martin periodinane |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| DMPS | Dimethylphenylsilyl | |
| DMS | Dimethyl sulfide | |
| DMSO | Dimethyl sulfoxide | |
| DPPA | Diphenylphosphoryl azide | |
| DPS (TBDPS) | tert‐Butyldiphenylsilyl | |
| DTT (DTE) | 1,4‐Dithioerythritol | |
| E1 | Unimolecular elimination | NA |
| E2 | Bimolecular elimination | NA |
| EDC (EDCI) | 1‐Ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide | |
| EDG | Electron‐donating group | NA |
| EDTA | Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid | |
| ee | Enantiomeric excess | NA |
| Ei | Intramolecular syn elimination | NA |
| Et | Ethyl | |
| Equiv. | Equivalent | NA |
| EWG | Electron‐withdrawing group | NA |
| Fmoc | 9‐Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl | |
| Fp | Flash point | NA |
| g | Grams | NA |
| GC | Gas chromatography | NA |
| h | Hour | NA |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| HATU | O‐(7‐Azabenzotriazol‐1‐yl)‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate | |
| HBTU | Hexafluorophosphate Benzotriazole Tetramethyl Uronium | |
| HFIP | 1,1,1,3,3,3‐Hexafluoro‐2‐propanol (hexafluoroisopropanol) | |
| HMDS | 1,1,1,3,3,3‐Hexamethyldisilazane | |
| HMPA | Hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide (hexamethylphosphoramide) | |
| HMPT | Hexamethylphosphorous triamide | |
| HOAt | 1‐Hydroxy‐7‐azabenzotriazole | |
| HOBt | 1‐Hydroxybenzotriazole | |
| HOMO | Highest occupied molecular orbital | NA |
| HPLC | High‐performance liquid chromatography | NA |
| HTIB | [Hydroxy(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene | |
| Hz | Hertz | NA |
| 1H NMR | Proton NMR | NA |
| HMBC | Heteronuclear multiple bond coherence | NA |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| HSQC | Heteronuclear single quantum coherence | NA |
| IBX | o‐Iodoxybenzoic acid | |
| IPA | Isopropyl alcohol | |
| IR | Infrared spectroscopy | NA |
| J | Coupling constant | NA |
| KHMDS | Potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide | |
| L | Ligand | NA |
| LAH | Lithium aluminum hydride | LiAlH4 |
| LHMDS (LiHMDS) | Lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide | |
| Liq. | Liquid | NA |
| LiTMP (LTMP) | Lithium 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidide | |
| L.R. | Lawesson's reagent 2,4‐Bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐1,3,2,4‐dithiadiphos‐phetane‐2,4‐disulfide | |
| L‐selectride | Lithium tri‐sec‐butylborohydride | |
| LTA | Lead tetraacetate | Pb(OAc)4 |
| LUMO | Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital | NA |
| Lut | 2,6‐Lutidine | |
| m | Meta | NA |
| m | Multiplet | NA |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| M | Moles/liter | NA |
| m‐CPBA | meta‐Chloroperbenzoic acid | |
| Me | Methyl | −−CH3 |
| MEM | (2‐Methoxyethoxy)methyl | |
| MIC | Methyl isocyanate | |
| min | Minute | NA |
| mg | Milligrams | NA |
| ml | Milliliters | NA |
| Mol | Moles | NA |
| mmol | Millimoles | NA |
| μl | Microliters | NA |
| MOM | Methoxymethyl | |
| m.p. | Melting point | NA |
| Ms | Mesyl (methanesulfonyl) | |
| MS | Mass spectrometry | NA |
| MS | Molecular sieves | NA |
| MSA | Methanesulfonic acid | |
| MSDS | Material safety data sheet | NA |
| MTBE | Methyl tert‐butyl ether | |
| MVK | Methyl vinyl ketone | |
| Mv | Microwave | NA |
| n | Normal (e.g. unbranched alkyl chain) | NA |
| NaHMDS | Sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Sodium hexamethyldisilazane | |
| NBS | N‐Bromosuccinimide |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| NCS | N‐Chlorosuccinimide | |
| NIS | N‐Iodosuccinimide | |
| NMM | N‐Methylmorpholine | |
| NMO | N‐Methylmorpholine oxide | |
| NMP | N‐Methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone | |
| NMR | Nuclear magnetic resonance | NA |
| NSAID | Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug | NA |
| Nuc/Nu | Nucleophile | NA |
| o | Ortho | NA |
| p | Para | NA |
| Pbf | 2,2,4,6,7‐Pentamethyldihydrobenzofuran‐5‐sulfonyl | |
| 31P NMR | Phosphorus NMR | NA |
| PBP | Pyridinium bromide perbromide | |
| PCC | Pyridinium chlorochromate | |
| PDC | Pyridinium dichromate |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| Pd2(dba)3 | Tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium | |
| Pd(dppf)Cl2 | [1,1′‐Bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II) | |
| PdCl2(PPh3)2 | Bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(II) dichloride | |
| Pd(PPh3)4 | Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) | (Ph3P)4Pd |
| PhI(OH)OTs | [Hydroxyl(tosyloxy)iodo]benzene | |
| PEG | Polyethylene glycol | |
| Ph | Phenyl | |
| PHAL | Phthalazine | |
| PIFA | Phenyliodonium bis(trifluoroacetate) | |
| Piv | Pivaloyl | |
| PMB | p‐Methoxybenzyl | |
| PMP | 4‐Methoxyphenyl |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| PNB | p‐Nitrobenzyl | |
| ppm | Parts per million | NA |
| PPTS | Pyridinium p‐toluenesulfonate | |
| Pr | Propyl | |
| P.T. | Proton transfer | NA |
| PTAB | Phenyltrimethylammonium perbromide | |
| PTSA (TsOH) | p‐Toluenesulfonic acid | |
| r.t. (rt) | Room temperature | NA |
| R f | Retention factor in chromatography | NA |
| ROM | Ring‐opening metathesis | NA |
| ROMP | Ring‐opening metathesis polymerization | NA |
| RB (Rose Bengal) | 2,4,5,7‐Tetraiodo‐3′,4′,5′,6′‐tetrachlorofluorescein, disodium salt (a photosensitizer, dye) | |
| s | Singlet | NA |
| SDS | Sodium dodecyl sulfate | |
| Selectfluor | N‐Chloromethyl‐N′‐fluorotriethylenediammonium bis(tetrafluoroborate) | |
| SEM | 2‐(Trimethylsilyl)ethoxymethyl | |
| SET | Single‐electron transfer | NA |
| SNAr | Nucleophilic substitution on an aromatic ring | NA |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| SN1 | Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution | NA |
| SN2 | Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution | NA |
| SPB | Sodium perborate | NaBO3 |
| t | Triplet | NA |
| TBAB | Tetra‐n‐butylammonium bromide | |
| TBAF | Tetra‐n‐butylammonium fluoride | |
| TBAI | Tetra‐n‐butylammonium iodide | |
| TBD | Triazabicyclodecene (1,5,7‐triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec‐5‐ene | |
| TBDMS (TBS) | tert‐Butyldimethylsilyl | |
| TBDPS (BPS) | tert‐Butyldiphenylsilyl | |
| TBH | tert‐Butyl hypochlorite | |
| TBHP | tert‐Butyl hydroperoxide | |
| TBP | Tributylphosphine | |
| TBTH | Tributyltin hydride |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| TBTSP | tert‐Butyl trimethylsilyl peroxide | |
| TCCA | Trichloroisocyanuric acid | |
| TCDI | Thiocarbonyldiimidazole | |
| TCNE | Tetracyanoethylene | |
| TCNQ | 7,7,8,8‐Tetracyano‐para‐quinodimethane | |
| TEA | Triethylamine | |
| TEMPO | 2,2,6,6‐Tetramethyl‐1‐piperidinyloxy free radical | |
| Teoc | 2‐(Trimethylsilyl)ethoxycarbonyl | |
| TEP | Triethylphosphite | |
| TES | Triethylsilyl | |
| Tf | Trifluoromethanesulfonyl | |
| TFA | Trifluoroacetic acid | |
| TFAA | Trifluoroacetic anhydride | |
| TFE | 2,2,2‐Trifluoroethanol | |
| TFMSA | Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (triflic acid) |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| THF | Tetrahydrofuran | |
| THP | 2‐Tetrahydropyranyl | |
| TIPS | Triisopropylsilyl | |
| TIPS | Triisopropylsilane | |
| TMP | 2,2,6,6‐Tetramethylpiperidine | |
| TMS | Trimethylsilyl | |
| TMSA | Trimethylsilyl azide | |
| TMU | Tetramethylurea | |
| TPAP | Tetra‐n‐propylammonium perruthenate | |
| TPP | Triphenylphosphine | |
| TPS | Triphenylsilane | |
| Trt | Trityl (triphenylmethyl) |
| Abbreviation | Name | Chemical structure |
| T.S. | Transition state | NA |
| Ts (Tos) | p‐Toluenesulfonyl | |
| TTN | Thallium(III) trinitrate | Tl(NO3)3 |
| UHP | Urea–hydrogen peroxide complex | |
| Z (Cbz) | Benzyloxycarbonyl |
