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Common Solvents in Chemistry

Оглавление
Solvent Formula MW Boiling point (°C) Density (g/ml) Solubility in water (g/100 g) Dielectric constant
Acetic acid C2H4O2 60.052 118 1.044 Miscible 6.20
Acetone C3H6O 58.078 56 0.784 Miscible 21.01
Acetonitrile C2H3N 41.052 81 0.785 Miscible 36.64
Benzene C6H6 78.110 80 0.876 0.18 2.28
1‐Butanol C4H10O 74.120 117 0.809 6.3 17.8
2‐Butanol C4H10O 74.120 99 0.806 15 17.26
tert‐Butanol C4H10O 74.12 82 0.788 Miscible 12.5
2‐Butanone C4H8O 72.11 79 0.799 25.6 18.6
Carbon disulfide CS2 76.13 46 1.274 1.266
Carbon tetrachloride CCl4 153.82 76 1.594 0.08
Chlorobenzene C6H5Cl 112.56 131 1.105 0.05 5.69
Chloroform CHCl3 119.38 61 1.478 0.79 4.81
Cyclohexane C6H12 84.16 80 0.773 0.005 2.02
1,2‐Dichloroethane C2H4Cl2 98.96 83 1.245 0.86 10.42
Diethylene glycol C4H10O3 106.12 246 1.119 10 31.8
Diethyl ether C4H10O 74.12 34 0.713 7.5 4.26
Diglyme C6H14O3 134.17 162 0.943 Miscible 7.23
1,2‐Dimethoxyethane C4H10O2 90.12 84 0.863 Miscible 7.3
N,N‐Dimethylacetamide (DMA) C4H9NO 87.12 165 0.937 Miscible 37.8
N,N‐Dimethylformamide (DMF) C3H7NO 73.09 153 0.944 Miscible 38.24
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) C2H6OS 78.03 189 1.092 25.3 47
1,4‐Dioxane C4H8O2 88.11 101 1.033 Miscible 2.21
Ethanol C2H6O 46.01 78 0.786 Miscible 24.6
Ethyl acetate C4H8O2 88.11 77 0.895 8.7 6
Ethylene glycol C2H6O2 62.07 195 1.115 Miscible 37.7
Glycerine C3H8O3 92.09 290 1.261 Miscible 42.5
Heptane C7H16 100.20 98 0.684 0.01 1.92
Hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) C6H18N3OP 179.20 232 1.03 Miscible 31.3
Hexamethylphosphorous triamide (HMPT) C6H18N3P 163.20 150 0.898 Miscible
Hexane C6H14 86.18 69 0.659 0.001 1.89
Methanol CH4O 32.04 65 0.791 Miscible 32.6
Methyl t‐butyl ether (MTBE) C5H12O 88.15 55 0.741 5.1
Solvent Formula MW Boiling point (°C) Density (g/ml) Solubility in water (g/100 g) Dielectric constant
Methylene chloride CH2Cl2 84.93 40 1.326 9.08 1.6
N‐Methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone (NMP) C5H9NO 99.13 202 1.033 10 32
Nitromethane CH3NO2 61.04 101 1.382 9.5 35.9
Pentane C5H12 72.15 36 0.626 0.04 1.84
Petroleum ether (ligroine) 30–60 0.656
1‐Propanol C3H8O 60.10 97 0.803 Miscible 20.1
2‐Propanol (isopropyl alcohol) C3H8O 60.10 82 0.786 Miscible 18.3
Pyridine C5H5N 79.10 115 0.982 Miscible 12.3
Tetrahydrofuran (THF) C4H8O 72.106 65 0.883 Soluble 7.52
Toluene C7H8 92.14 110 0.867 0.05 2.38
Triethylamine C6H15N 101.19 89 0.728 0.02 2.4
Trifluoroacetic acid C2HFO2 114.023 72 1.489 Miscible 8.55
2,2,2‐Trifluoroethanol C2H3F3O 100.04 74 1.384 Miscible 8.56
Water H2O 18.02 100 0.998 78.54
Water heavy D2O 20.03 101 1.107 Miscible
o‐Xylene C8H10 106.17 144 0.897 Insoluble 2.57
m‐Xylene C8H10 106.17 139 0.868 Insoluble 2.37
p‐Xylene C8H10 106.17 138 0.861 Insoluble 2.27
Applied Organic Chemistry

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