Читать книгу The History of England - T. F. Tout - Страница 40

ENGLAND DURING THE LATTER YEARS OF EDWARD III.

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Glories of the years succeeding the treaty of Calais. 419
1361–69. John Froissart in England. 419
His picture of the life of court and people. 420
The national spirit in English literature. 420
Gower and Minot. 420
Geoffrey Chaucer. 421
The standard English language. 421
Lowland Scottish. 422
The national spirit in art. 422
"Flowing decorated" and "perpendicular" architecture. 422
Contrast between England and Scotland. 423
The national spirit in popular English literature. 423
William Langland. 423
His picture of the condition of the poor. 424
The national spirit and the universities. 424
Early career of John Wycliffe. 425
Spread of cultivation among the laity. 426
The national spirit in English law. 426
The national spirit in commerce. 426
Edward III.'s family settlement. 427
Marriage of the Black Prince and Joan of Kent. 428
Marriages of Lionel of Antwerp with Elizabeth de Burgh and Violante Visconti. 429
Lionel in Ireland. 429
Statute of Kilkenny. 429
1361–69. Philippa of Clarence's marriage with the Earl of March. 430
John of Gaunt and the Duchy of Lancaster. 430
Continuation of ancient rivalries between houses now represented by branches of the royal family. 431
The great prelates of the end of Edward III.'s reign. 431
Feb., 1371. Parliament: clerical ministers superseded by laymen. 432
Clerical and anti-clerical, constitutional and court parties. 433
Edward III.'s dotage. 434
Alice Perrers. 434
Struggle of parties at court. 434
Increasing bitterness of the opposition to the courtiers. 434
April-July, 1376. The "Good Parliament". 435
Fall of the courtiers. 436
8 June. Death of the Black Prince. 437
John of Gaunt restored to power. 438
Jan., 1377. Packed parliament, and the reaction against the Good Parliament. 438
Persistence of the clerical opposition. 439
The attack on John Wycliffe. 439
10 Feb. Wycliffe before Bishop Courtenay. 439
John of Gaunt's substantial triumph. 440
21 June. Death of Edward III. 441
Characteristics of his age. 441
The History of England

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