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ISO, the International Standards Organization, is a worldwide program that was founded in 1947 to promote the development of international manufacturing, trade, and communication standards. The initial focus of body with representatives from all industrialized nations. ISO membership includes over 100 countries. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) is the US counterpart and representative to ISO. ISO essentially receives input from government, industry, and other interested parties before developing a standard. All standards developed by ISO are voluntary; thus, there are no legal requirements to force countries to adopt them. However, countries and industries often adopt ISO standards as requirements for doing and maintaining business.

ISO develops standards in all industries except those related to electrical and electronic engineering. Standards in those areas are developed by the Geneva‐based International Electrotechnical Commission, which has members from many countries, including the United States.

The purpose and goal of ISO is to improve the climate for international trade by “leveling the playing field.” The concept is that by encouraging uniform practices around the world, barriers to trade will be reduced. If the management processes of companies in any other country, then international trade would be made simpler.