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 Understanding DevelopmentPeriods of DevelopmentPrenatal Period (Conception to Birth)Infancy and Toddlerhood (Birth to 2 Years)Early Childhood (2 to 6 Years)Middle Childhood (6 to 11 Years)Adolescence (11 to 18 Years)Domains of DevelopmentContexts of Development

 Basic Issues in Developmental ScienceNature and Nurture: How Do Nature and Nurture Influence Development?The Active Child: How Do Children Influence Their Own Development?Continuities and Discontinuities: In What Ways Is Development Continuous and Discontinuous?

 Theories of Child DevelopmentPsychoanalytic TheoriesFreud’s Psychosexual TheoryErikson’s Psychosocial TheoryBehaviorist and Social Learning TheoriesClassical ConditioningOperant ConditioningSocial Learning TheoryCognitive TheoriesPiaget’s Cognitive-Developmental TheoryInformation Processing TheoryContextual TheoriesVygotsky’s Sociocultural TheoryBronfenbrenner’s Bioecological Systems TheoryEthology and Evolutionary Developmental TheoryDynamic Systems Theory

 Research in Human DevelopmentThe Scientific MethodMethods of Data CollectionObservational MeasuresSelf-Report MeasuresPhysiological MeasuresResearch DesignsCase StudyCorrelational ResearchExperimental ResearchDevelopmental Research DesignsCross-Sectional Research DesignLongitudinal Research DesignCross-Sequential Research DesignResearch Ethics