Читать книгу The Rheology Handbook - Thomas Mezger - Страница 227

A bumper of a car should be able to absorb as much mechanical impact energy as possible, or alternatively, should lead it away to other components of the vehicle without any permanently remaining deformation or even destruction. For this purpose, material scientists, physicists and automotive engineers work closely together to develop design modifications and modern VE composite materials in order to optimize the spectrum of the mechanical and thermal properties. For example, integrated damping elements such as crushable bins or crash-boxes are used which are deforming or folding in a defined, desired way when it comes to an accident, therefore absorbing most of the impact energy [5.17]. Re-formable casings and facings are available which can resist collisions with a speed of up to 15 km/h without any damage.