Читать книгу The 2010 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency - Страница 271

Flag description:

three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (double width), and blue with a white three-towered temple representing Angkor Wat outlined in black in the center of the red band; red and blue are traditional Cambodian colors

note: only national flag to incorporate an actual building in its design

National anthem:

name: "Nokoreach" (Royal Kingdom)

lyrics/music: CHUON NAT/F. PERRUCHOT and J. JEKYLL

note: adopted 1941, restored 1993; the anthem, based on a Cambodian folk tune, was restored after the defeat of the Communist regime

Economy ::Cambodia

Economy - overview:

From 2004 to 2007, the economy grew about 10% per year, driven largely by an expansion in the garment sector, construction, agriculture, and tourism. GDP contracted 1.5% in 2009 as a result of the global economic slowdown, but climbed more than 4% in 1010, driven by renewed exports. With the January 2005 expiration of a WTO Agreement on Textiles and Clothing, Cambodian textile producers were forced to compete directly with lower-priced countries such as China, India, Vietnam, and Bangladesh. The garment industry currently employs more than 280,000 people - about 5% of the work force - and contributes more than 70% of Cambodia's exports. In 2005, exploitable oil deposits were found beneath Cambodia's territorial waters, representing a new revenue stream for the government if commercial extraction begins. Mining also is attracting significant investor interest, particularly in the northern parts of the country. The government has said opportunities exist for mining bauxite, gold, iron and gems. In 2006, a US-Cambodia bilateral Trade and Investment Framework Agreement (TIFA) was signed, and several rounds of discussions have been held since 2007. Rubber exports increased about 25% in 2009 due to rising global demand. The tourism industry has continued to grow rapidly, with foreign arrivals exceeding 2 million per year in 2007–08, however, economic troubles abroad dampened growth in 2009. The global financial crisis is weakening demand for Cambodian exports, and construction is declining due to a shortage of credit. The long-term development of the economy remains a daunting challenge. The Cambodian government is working with bilateral and multilateral donors, including the World Bank and IMF, to address the country's many pressing needs. The major economic challenge for Cambodia over the next decade will be fashioning an economic environment in which the private sector can create enough jobs to handle Cambodia's demographic imbalance. More than 50% of the population is less than 25 years old. The population lacks education and productive skills, particularly in the poverty-ridden countryside, which suffers from an almost total lack of basic infrastructure.

GDP (purchasing power parity):

$29.46 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 110 $28.3 billion (2009 est.)

$28.73 billion (2008 est.)

note: data are in 2010 US dollars

GDP (official exchange rate):

$11.36 billion (2010 est.)

GDP - real growth rate:

4.1% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 78 −1.5% (2009 est.)

5% (2008 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP):

$2,000 (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 188 $2,000 (2009 est.)

$2,100 (2008 est.)

note: data are in 2010 US dollars

GDP - composition by sector:

agriculture: 29%

industry: 30%

services: 41% (2007 est.)

Labor force:

8 million (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 56

Labor force - by occupation:

agriculture: 67.9%

industry: 12.7%

services: 19.5% (2009 est.)

Unemployment rate:

3.5% (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 27 2.5% (2000 est.)

Population below poverty line:

31% (2007 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share:

lowest 10%: 3%

highest 10%: 34.2% (2007)

Distribution of family income - Gini index:

43 (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 49 40 (2004 est.)

Investment (gross fixed):

20.9% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 77

Inflation rate (consumer prices):

4.1% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 120 −0.7% (2009 est.)

Central bank discount rate:

NA% (31 December 2008) country comparison to the world: 83 5.25% (31 December 2007)

Commercial bank prime lending rate:

17% (31 December 2009) country comparison to the world: 40 16.01% (31 December 2008)

Stock of narrow money:

$850.7 million (31 December 2010 est) country comparison to the world: 142 $747.2 million (31 December 2009 est)

Stock of broad money:

$4.982 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 119 $3.899 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Stock of domestic credit:

$2.195 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 123 $1.991 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares: