Читать книгу The 2010 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency - Страница 283

Flag description:

five unequal horizontal bands; the top-most band of blue - equal to one half the width of the flag - is followed by three bands of white, red, and white, each equal to 1/12 of the width, and a bottom stripe of blue equal to one quarter of the flag width; a circle of 10, yellow, five-pointed stars is centered on the red stripe and positioned ⅜ of the length of the flag from the hoist side; blue stands for the sea and the sky, the circle of stars represents the 10 major islands united into a nation, the stripes symbolize the road to formation of the country through peace (white) and effort (red)

National anthem:

name: "Cantico da Liberdade" (Song of Freedom)

lyrics/music: Amilcar Spencer LOPES/Adalberto Higino Tavares SILVA

note: adopted 1996

Economy ::Cape Verde

Economy - overview:

This island economy suffers from a poor natural resource base, including serious water shortages exacerbated by cycles of long-term drought and poor soil for agriculture on several of the islands. The economy is service oriented with commerce, transport, tourism, and public services accounting for about three-fourths of GDP. Although nearly 70% of the population lives in rural areas, the share of food production in GDP is low. About 82% of food must be imported. The fishing potential, mostly lobster and tuna, is not fully exploited. Cape Verde annually runs a high trade deficit financed by foreign aid and remittances from its large pool of emigrants; remittances supplement GDP by more than 20%. Despite the lack of resources, sound economic management has produced steadily improving incomes. Continued economic reforms are aimed at developing the private sector and attracting foreign investment to diversify the economy. Future prospects depend heavily on the maintenance of aid flows, the encouragement of tourism, remittances, and the momentum of the government's development program. Cape Verde became a member of the WTO in July 2008.

GDP (purchasing power parity):

$1.861 billion (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 186 $1.781 billion (2009 est.)

$1.749 billion (2008 est.)

note: data are in 2010 US dollars

GDP (official exchange rate):

$1.573 billion (2010 est.)

GDP - real growth rate:

4.5% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 68 1.8% (2009 est.)

5.9% (2008 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP):

$3,700 (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 160 $3,600 (2009 est.)

$3,500 (2008 est.)

note: data are in 2010 US dollars

GDP - composition by sector:

agriculture: 9%

industry: 16.2%

services: 74.8% (2010 est.)

Labor force:

196,100 (2007) country comparison to the world: 169

Unemployment rate:

21% (2000 est.) country comparison to the world: 168

Population below poverty line:

30% (2000)

Household income or consumption by percentage share:

lowest 10%: 1.9%

highest 10%: 40.6% (2000)

Investment (gross fixed):

36.9% of GDP (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 5

Inflation rate (consumer prices):

2.5% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 74 1% (2009 est.)

Central bank discount rate:

7.5% (31 December 2009) country comparison to the world: 54 7.5% (31 December 2008)

Commercial bank prime lending rate:

10.98% (31 December 2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 92 9.99% (31 December 2008 est.)

Stock of narrow money:

$585 million (31 December 2010 est) country comparison to the world: 155 $628.4 million (31 December 2009 est)

Stock of broad money:

$1.314 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 151 $1.399 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Stock of domestic credit:

$1.179 billion (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 146 $1.256 billion (31 December 2009 est.)

Agriculture - products:

bananas, corn, beans, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, coffee, peanuts; fish

Industries:

food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments, salt mining, ship repair

Industrial production growth rate:

4% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 87

Electricity - production:

250 million kWh (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 173

Electricity - consumption:

232.5 million kWh (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 172

Electricity - exports:

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Electricity - imports:

0 kWh (2008 est.)

Oil - production:

0 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 198

Oil - consumption:

2,000 bbl/day (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 183

Oil - exports:

0 bbl/day (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 143

Oil - imports:

1,619 bbl/day (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 178

Oil - proved reserves:

0 bbl (1 January 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 194

Natural gas - production:

0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 188

Natural gas - consumption:

0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 200

Natural gas - exports:

0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 193

Natural gas - imports:

0 cu m (2008 est.) country comparison to the world: 194

Natural gas - proved reserves:

0 cu m (1 January 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 195

Current account balance:

-$286 million (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 96 -$319 million (2009 est.)

Exports:

$114 million (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 190 $105 million (2009 est.)

Exports - commodities:

fuel, shoes, garments, fish, hides

Exports - partners:

Spain 53.98%, Portugal 22.23%, Morocco 7.13% (2009)

Imports:

$858 million (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 175 $835 million (2009 est.)

Imports - commodities:

foodstuffs, industrial products, transport equipment, fuels

Imports - partners:

Portugal 44.86%, Netherlands 15.51%, Spain 6.1%, Italy 4.46%, Brazil 4.21% (2009)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

$296 million (31 December 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 124 $284 million (31 December 2009 est.)

Debt - external:

$325 million (2002) country comparison to the world: 169

Exchange rates:

Cape Verdean escudos (CVE) per US dollar - 88.58 (2010), 79.377 (2009), 73.84 (2008), 81.235 (2007), 87.946 (2006)

Communications ::Cape Verde

Telephones - main lines in use:

72,200 (2009) country comparison to the world: 153

Telephones - mobile cellular:

392,000 (2009) country comparison to the world: 165

Telephone system:

general assessment: effective system, extensive modernization from 1996–2000 following partial privatization in 1995

domestic: major service provider is Cabo Verde Telecom (CVT); fiber-optic ring, completed in 2001, links all islands providing Internet access and ISDN services; cellular service introduced in 1998; broadband services launched in 2004

international: country code - 238; landing point for the Atlantis-2 fiber-optic transatlantic telephone cable that provides links to South America, Senegal, and Europe; HF radiotelephone to Senegal and Guinea-Bissau; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2007)

Broadcast media:

state-run TV and radio broadcast network plus a growing number of private broadcasters; Portuguese public TV and radio services for Africa are available; transmissions of a few international broadcasters are obtainable (2007)

Internet country code:

.cv

Internet hosts:

26 (2010) country comparison to the world: 215

Internet users:

150,000 (2009) country comparison to the world: 148

Transportation ::Cape Verde

Airports:

10 (2010) country comparison to the world: 156

Airports - with paved runways:

total: 9

over 3,047 m: 1

1,524 to 2,437 m: 3

914 to 1,523 m: 3

under 914 m: 2 (2010)

Airports - with unpaved runways:

total: 1

under 914 m: 1 (2010)

Roadways:

total: 1,350 km country comparison to the world: 178 paved: 932 km

unpaved: 418 km (2000)

Merchant marine:

total: 13 country comparison to the world: 104 by type: cargo 3, chemical tanker 3, passenger/cargo 7

foreign-owned: 3 (Spain 1, UK 2) (2010)

Ports and terminals:

Porto Grande

Military ::Cape Verde

Military branches:

People's Revolutionary Armed Forces (FARP): Army, Coast Guard (includes maritime air wing) (2007)

Military service age and obligation:

18 years of age (est.) for selective compulsory military service; 14-month conscript service obligation (2006)

Manpower available for military service:

males age 16–49: 128,858

females age 16–49: 133,581 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service:

males age 16–49: 103,894

females age 16–49: 114,721 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

male: 6,077

female: 6,075 (2010 est.)

Military expenditures:

0.5% of GDP (2009) country comparison to the world: 165

Transnational Issues ::Cape Verde

Disputes - international:

none

Illicit drugs:

used as a transshipment point for Latin American cocaine destined for Western Europe, particularly because of Lusophone links to Brazil, Portugal, and Guinea-Bissau; has taken steps to deter drug money laundering, including a 2002 anti-money laundering reform that criminalizes laundering the proceeds of narcotics trafficking and other crimes and the establishment in 2008 of a Financial Intelligence Unit (2008)

page last updated on January 12, 2011

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@Cayman Islands (Central America and Caribbean)

Introduction ::Cayman Islands

Background:

The Cayman Islands were colonized from Jamaica by the British during the 18th and 19th centuries and were administered by Jamaica after 1863. In 1959, the islands became a territory within the Federation of the West Indies. When the Federation dissolved in 1962, the Cayman Islands chose to remain a British dependency.

Geography ::Cayman Islands

Location:

Caribbean, three-island group (Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac, Little Cayman) in Caribbean Sea, 240 km south of Cuba and 268 km northwest of Jamaica

Geographic coordinates: