Читать книгу The 2008 CIA World Factbook - United States. Central Intelligence Agency - Страница 46

Map references:

Europe

Area:

total: 28,748 sq km land: 27,398 sq km water: 1,350 sq km

Area - comparative:

slightly smaller than Maryland

Land boundaries:

total: 717 km border countries: Greece 282 km, Macedonia 151 km, Montenegro 172 km, Kosovo 112 km

Coastline:

362 km

Maritime claims:

territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

Climate:

mild temperate; cool, cloudy, wet winters; hot, clear, dry summers; interior is cooler and wetter

Terrain:

mostly mountains and hills; small plains along coast

Elevation extremes:

lowest point: Adriatic Sea 0 m highest point: Maja e Korabit (Golem Korab) 2,764 m

Natural resources:

petroleum, natural gas, coal, bauxite, chromite, copper, iron ore, nickel, salt, timber, hydropower

Land use:

arable land: 20.1% permanent crops: 4.21% other: 75.69% (2005)

Irrigated land:

3,530 sq km (2003)

Total renewable water resources:

41.7 cu km (2001)

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):

total: 1.71 cu km/yr (27%/11%/62%) per capita: 546 cu m/yr (2000)

Natural hazards:

destructive earthquakes; tsunamis occur along southwestern coast; floods; drought

Environment - current issues:

deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution from industrial and domestic effluents

Environment - international agreements:

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geography - note:

strategic location along Strait of Otranto (links Adriatic Sea to Ionian Sea and Mediterranean Sea)

People

Albania

Population:

3,619,778 (July 2008 est.)

Age structure:

0–14 years: 23.6% (male 447,126/female 406,757) 15–64 years: 66.9% (male 1,239,819/female 1,180,720) 65 years and over: 9.5% (male 160,241/female 185,115) (2008 est.)

Median age:

total: 29.5 years male: 28.9 years female: 30.2 years (2008 est.)

Population growth rate:

0.538% (2008 est.)

Birth rate:

15.22 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)

Death rate:

5.44 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)

Net migration rate:

−4.41 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2008 est.)

Sex ratio:

at birth: 1.1 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

Infant mortality rate:

total: 19.31 deaths/1,000 live births male: 19.74 deaths/1,000 live births female: 18.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

Life expectancy at birth:

total population: 77.78 years male: 75.12 years female: 80.71 years (2008 est.)

Total fertility rate:

2.02 children born/woman (2008 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: