Читать книгу Britain: The Lake District - Vivienne Crow - Страница 22

Cumbria again became the focus of unwanted Scottish attention in the Jacobite uprisings of 1715 and 1745. In the first, the rebels bypassed Carlisle and instead proclaimed King James III in Brampton, Penrith, Appleby and Kendal. They got as far as Preston on this occasion.

The 1745 rebellion was an altogether more serious affair. Led by Prince Charles Edward Stuart, more commonly known today as Bonnie Prince Charlie or the Young Pretender, the Jacobites on this occasion seized Carlisle Castle before progressing as far south as Derby. It is said that the royal family had packed up the crown jewels and were preparing to flee to Germany, but the Jacobites then decided to retreat. The Duke of Cumberland chased them from English soil and the final skirmish of the uprising was at Clifton near Penrith, the last military battle on English soil (see here). The Jacobite garrison at Carlisle Castle finally surrendered on 29 December 1745 after a 10-day siege, the last siege in the castle’s long history.