Читать книгу The Woods - Vladimir Bibikhin - Страница 8

Compiled from the final report to the Russian Academic Foundation for the Humanities on the Les (Hyle) research project, September 1999. [O.E. Lebedeva, compiler]

1 1. Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovskii (1857–1935) was a Russian and Soviet rocket scientist and a pioneer of astronautical theory. Tsiolkovskii combined technological expertise with an adherence to the philosophy of Russian cosmism. [AM]Vladimir Ivanovich Vernadskii (1863–1945) was a Soviet scientist who worked in the fields of radiogeology, geochemistry, and biochemistry. He was one of the leading scientific thinkers of Russian Cosmism and is most famous for his book The Biosphere, tr. David B. Langmuir (New York: Copernicus, 1997), which challenged conventional views of Earth’s history. [AM]

2 2. Lev Berg (1876–1950) was a prominent Soviet biologist and geographer who proposed an evolutionary theory in opposition to the views of Darwin and Lamarck. [AM]

3 3. Karl Pearson (1857–1936) was a British biologist and mathematician and one of the founders of biometrics. He was an ardent supporter of selectionism. The research referred to is his investigation of the heritance and inheritance of the Shirley poppy. Karl Pearson, ‘Cooperative Investigations on Plants: I. On the Inheritance of the Shirley Poppy’, Biometrika, no. 2, 1910, pp. 56–100; Karl Pearson, ‘Cooperative Investigations on Plants: III. On Inheritance in the Shirley Poppy: Second Memoir’, Biometrika, no. 4, 1906, pp. 394–426. [AM]

4 4. ‘Flourishing complexity’ is a notion outlined by Konstantin Leontiev (1831–91) defining a period central to a triune process of development of social organisms. The first stage of the process, defined as ‘primary simplicity’, is the birth of a social organism, while the third, called ‘secondary mingling simplification’, is its death. ‘Flourishing complexity’ is the middle stage, the actual life of a social organism, which is characterized by multiple complex tendencies, immanent contradictions, and so on. Konstantin Leontiev, Vizantizm i slavianstvo (Moscow: Dar, 2005). [AM]

5 5. Charles Darwin, The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, 6th edition (London: John Murray, 1876), ch. 10, p. 265. [Tr.]

6 6. Lev Berg, Nomegenez ili evoliutsiia na osnove zakonomernostei (Petrograd: Gosudarstvennoye izdatel’stvo, 1922), ch. 1, p. 21. [Tr.]