Читать книгу Clinical Obesity in Adults and Children - Группа авторов - Страница 40

Technological advances are considered one of the possible explanations behind the global increase in obesity. One consequence of increasing mechanization, automation, computerization, and service‐driven economies is a reduction in work‐related physical activity. In the United States, low physical activity at work is a risk factor for total and central obesity, especially among men working more than 40 hours per week [77].

Another recognized determinant of obesity, especially among children, is excess screen time leading to reduced physical activity, increased calorie intake particularly through snacking triggered by advertising, and reduced sleep time [78,79]. A meta‐analysis of 14 cross‐sectional studies of over 100,000 children showed an increase of 13% in the risk of obesity for each 1‐hour daily increase in TV watching for both boys and girls [80]. Screen time during childhood is also a predictor of overweight and obesity during adulthood. A study in New Zealand showed that 17% of the prevalence of overweight/obesity at age 26 could be attributed to more than 2 hours of screen time per day during childhood and adolescence [81]. Similarly, among adults, a longitudinal study in England found a significant association between watching TV for more than 6 hours a day and central obesity [82].