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Sociology

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Страница 1 CONTENTS List of Illustrations List of Tables List of Classic studies List of Using Your Sociological Imagination List of Global society Guide Pages Страница 10 Preface to the Ninth Edition Acknowledgements Introduction Four central themes Globalization Globalization in the ninth edition Social inequality Social inequality in the ninth edition The digital revolution The digital revolution in the ninth edition Identity Identity in the ninth edition The main elements of our approach Interactive features Страница 26 CONTENTS An introduction to sociology The sociological imagination THINKING CRITICALLY Studying people and societies The development of sociological thinking Theories and theoretical perspectives Founders of sociology Auguste Comte Emile Durkheim Classic studies 1.1 Emile Durkheim’s study of suicide The research problem Durkheim’s explanation Critical points Contemporary significance THINKING CRITICALLY Karl Marx Max Weber Three theoretical traditions Functionalism USING YOUR SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION 1.1 Neglected founders of sociology? Harriet Martineau (1802–76) W. E. B. Du Bois (1868–1963) Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406) THINKING CRITICALLY Conflict theories Symbolic interactionism Traditions and theories Levels of analysis: microsociology and macrosociology The uses of sociology Public and professional sociology Summary Chapter review Research in practice Thinking it through Society in the arts Further reading Internet links Страница 64 CONTENTS Human subjects, ethical issues THINKING CRITICALLY Science and sociology What is ‘science’ anyway? Positivism and the philosophy of science Lessons from the history of science Scientific sociology? THINKING CRITICALLY The research process Defining the problem Reviewing existing evidence Making the problem precise Working out a design Conducting the research Interpreting and reporting the findings Understanding cause and effect Causation and correlation Causal mechanisms Controls Identifying causes Sociological research methods Ethnography Surveys Sampling Advantages and disadvantages of surveys The questionnaire – standardized or open-ended? Experiments Biographical research Comparative and historical research Classic studies 2.1 The social psychology of prison life The research problem Zimbardo’s explanation THINKING CRITICALLY Visual sociology Classic studies 2.2 Theda Skocpol’s comparison of social revolutions The research problem Skocpol’s explanation Critical points Contemporary significance Digital sociology THINKING CRITICALLY Triangulation and mixing methods The influence of sociology Chapter review Research in practice Thinking it through Society in the arts Further reading Internet links Страница 113 CONTENTS Theories, theorists and perspectives Towards sociology THINKING CRITICALLY Positivism and ‘social evolution’ Karl Marx: revolution not evolution Marx’s theoretical approach: historical materialism Successive modes of production: a successful grand theory? Evaluation Classic studies 3.1 Neo-Marxism: the Frankfurt School of critical theory THINKING CRITICALLY Establishing sociology Emile Durkheim: the social level of reality Evaluation THINKING CRITICALLY Twentieth-century structural functionalism Max Weber: capitalism and religion Religion in the heart of capitalism? Evaluation THINKING CRITICALLY Symbolic interactionism, phenomenology and ethnomethodology Challenging mainstream sociology Feminism against malestream sociology Feminist theories THINKING CRITICALLY Poststructuralism and postmodernity THINKING CRITICALLY Decolonizing sociology THINKING CRITICALLY Enduring theoretical dilemmas Social structure and human agency Beyond structure and agency? Norbert Elias and figurational sociology Anthony Giddens and structuration theory THINKING CRITICALLY Consensus versus conflict Societies and sociology in transformation USING YOUR SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION 3.1 Marx and Weber – the shaping of the modern world THINKING CRITICALLY Global society 3.1 Rationalization as McDonaldization? Reflexivity, risk and cosmopolitan theory Anthony Giddens on social reflexivity Ulrich Beck – risk in the second modernity Cosmopolitanism THINKING CRITICALLY Conclusion: sociological theory in development Chapter review Research in practice Thinking it through Society in the arts Further reading Internet links Страница 166 CONTENTS Early societies and civilizations Human origins and migration Global society 4.1 Humans and the domestication of fire Traditional civilizations The transformation of societies Modernity and industrial technology THINKING CRITICALLY Classifying the world’s societies USING YOUR SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION 4.1 Newly industrializing countries THINKING CRITICALLY THINKING CRITICALLY How societies change Economic development Socio-cultural change Political organization Globalization Elements of globalization Information technology Classic studies 4.1 Immanuel Wallerstein on the modern world-system The research problem Wallerstein’s explanation Critical points Contemporary significance THINKING CRITICALLY Information flows The interweaving of cultures and economies Global society 4.2 International tourist interactions THINKING CRITICALLY Transnational corporations USING YOUR SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION 4.2 ‘Barbie’ and the development of global commodity chains THINKING CRITICALLY Political globalization Structuring the globalization debate Hyperglobalizers Sceptics Transformationalists Globalization, regionalization or something else? Consequences of globalization Glocalization not globalization Global society 4.3 Reggae – a global musical style? THINKING CRITICALLY Reflexive individualism Classic studies 4.2 Anthony Giddens: riding the juggernaut of modernity The research problem Giddens’s explanation Critical points Contemporary significance How to govern a global society? Chapter review Research in practice Thinking it through Society in the arts Further reading Internet links Страница 220 CONTENTS Nature, environment and society From nature to environment THINKING CRITICALLY Sociology and the environment Theorizing the society–nature nexus Environmental issues Global warming USING YOUR SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION 5.1 Crossing the species barrier: the UK BSE crisis THINKING CRITICALLY What is global warming? THINKING CRITICALLY Global society 5.1 Greenhouse gases The potential consequences of global warming Questioning the science USING YOUR SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION 5.2 ClimateGate: a cautionary tale THINKING CRITICALLY Responding to global warming THINKING CRITICALLY Air and water pollution Air pollution THINKING CRITICALLY Water pollution Global society 5.2 Susan Freinkel on our love–hate affair with plastic Solid waste and recycling Food shortages and biotechnology The GM food controversy THINKING CRITICALLY The environment in sociological theory Living in the global ‘risk society’ Classic studies 5.1 Ulrich Beck and the global risk society The research problem Beck’s explanation Critical points Contemporary significance THINKING CRITICALLY Consumerism and environmental damage Decarbonizing the ‘car system’? USING YOUR SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION 5.3 The car is dead – long live the car? THINKING CRITICALLY Consumerism: a romantic ethic? Limits to growth and sustainable development Sustainable development Classic studies 5.2 Modelling the limits to economic growth The research problem Meadows and colleagues’ explanation Critical points Contemporary significance THINKING CRITICALLY Ecological modernization Global society 5.3 Solar power: ecological modernization in practice? THINKING CRITICALLY Environmental justice and ecological citizenship An Anthropocene era? Chapter review Research in practice Thinking it through Society in the arts Further reading Internet links {buyButton}

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