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Plants are small with vivid colours like yellow, red or purple in the plants and grains. Seeds may be grey (Coitos) or black (Ayaras). The plant has small and compact glomerular panicles, with accentuated mechanisms of leaf rolling and decumbent panicles, especially at night (nyctinastic movements). This is a form of defence against cold, protecting the panicle and primordia, bending down or protecting young leaves with adult leaves. The bitter grain, which is high in protein, forms quite early and the plants exhibit cold resistance with mechanisms for tolerating frost (Jacobsen et al., 2007) and long and strong winds. They are grown above 4000 m in areas like Canchas and Qochas (Mujica, 2011), which have annual rainfall of 800 mm and short, sunny days. These types are resistant to ultraviolet radiation and have intense and varied pigmentation.

Examples of landraces include Huariponcho, Witulla, Kellu, Kancolla Roja, grown in Macusani, Nuñoa, Laraqueri in Puno, Peru and Carhuamayo, Ondores, Junín, Peru.