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Sensation is difficult to evaluate. Eponyms abound – positive Tinel (carpal tunnel), tic douloureux, causalgia, anaesthesia dolorosa, lightning pains, Lhermitte, Brown‐Séquard, dissociated sensory loss, suspended sensory loss, sacral sparing, thalamic pain and astereognosis.

An approach that some find valuable is that if a sensory symptom is the principal complaint, such as the pain of trigeminal neuralgia (Chapter 13) or nocturnal tingling of the hands in median nerve entrapment at the wrist (Chapter 10), the quality of symptoms tend to be diagnostic. In other situations, the history and neurological signs suggest the diagnosis. The sensory signs that point to the level in a spastic paraparesis with cord compression are an example.

Figure 4.10 summarises principal patterns of sensory loss.