Читать книгу Designing Agentive Technology - Christopher Noessel - Страница 18

Musical notation permitted the “recording” of music onto vellum, parchment, and paper, which could be played back with the manual tool of an instrument like a guitar or piano and let the human do all the decrypting work of turning those dots and lines into sound. The invention of powered tools like gramophones and record players let anyone hear a recording of a particular performance—you just had to manage collecting the music and switching out the disk yourself. CD players were also powered tools for playing, but being electronic first added metrical data like track numbers and later included artists and song titles to the display. (There are very few rules to how the user plays music, so you wouldn’t expect to see any corrective technologies, though if you looked at equalizer controls there would be certain thresholds to be managed via a spectrum analyzer.) Radio stations have for a long time had disc jockeys act as a service for selecting and broadcasting music, but more recently Pandora and Spotify are popular services with agentive aspects that let individual music listeners provide the system with a song or two they do like, and thereafter just listen.