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The design of the human back is unique in the way it is able to distribute weight and provide balance while maintaining an upright posture.

Your back is aligned with three natural curves that form an S-shape when you are standing. The S-shaped curve of your spine oscillates during any activity (such as walking) and enables the spine to function as a shock absorber.

The normal curvature of your neck (cervical spine) is concave or lordotic. Your mid-back’s (thoracic spine) curvature is convex and forms what is called a kyphosis. Your low-back (lumbar spine) is also lordotic or forms what is called a lordosis. The degree of curvature varies between individuals.

When your back is properly aligned, your ear, shoulder, and hip form a straight line. If the muscles of your back are weak, stressed, or constricted, you will lose this natural S shape, affect your good posture, and limit your ability to carry out normal tasks in comfort.

Fig 6.1: The Human Spine and its S-Curve.

Your spine performs many critical functions as it:

 Contains and protects the spinal cord.

 Allows a full, fluid range of motion.

 Acts as an attachment site for the muscles and ligaments of the back.