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The retention volume V_R of an analyte represents the volume of mobile phase necessary to enable its migration from one end of the column to the other. To estimate this volume, different methods (direct or indirect) that depend of the physical state of the mobile phase may be used. On the chromatogram, it corresponds to the volume of mobile phase that flows through between the time of injection and the time when the peak reaches its maximum point. If the flow rate F is constant, then:

(1.22)

The volume of a peak V_peak corresponds to that volume of the mobile phase in which 95% of the solute is diluted when leaving the column. It is defined by:

(1.23)