Читать книгу Principles of Plant Genetics and Breeding - George Acquaah - Страница 278

In these methods, the anthers are incapacitated without being removed from the flower. Incapacitation is achieved in several ways as follows:

 Thermal inactivationThe inflorescence is first thinned out to leave only flowers at the proper stage for emasculation. It is then immersed in hot water (e.g. held in a thermos bottle) to kill the pollen without injuring the pistil. The temperature and time of immersion is variable (e.g. 43 °C for 5 minutes in rice; 47–48 °C for 10 minutes in sorghum). The inflorescence is allowed to dry before pollinating in about 30–60 minutes.

 Alcohol emasculationIn species such as alfalfa, the raceme is immersed in 57% ethanol for 10 seconds and then rinsed in water for a few seconds.

 Commercial gametocidesThese are chemicals designed to kill the anthers (e.g. sodium methyl arsenate).

If pollination will not immediately follow emasculation, the flowers should be covered to exclude contaminating pollen from elsewhere. Once properly pollinated, the flower should be tagged for identification.