Читать книгу DBT For Dummies - Gillian Galen - Страница 82

As you may have guessed from their name, primary emotions are the ones that you feel first. You can think of them as the first emotion that your brain produces after a specific prompt, an internal or external experience that creates the need for an emotion. Primary emotions are hard-wired and often have associated facial expressions that you can see across many cultures. (Note that one of the functions of emotions is to communicate to yourself and others.) In the field of study of emotion regulation, there is much debate about the number of primary emotions; some researchers believe there are four, five, eight, or ten. Dr. Marsha Linehan, the creator and founder of DBT, believes there are ten primary emotions; these are the ten that we will want you to keep an eye out for:

 Joy: A feeling of pleasure, happiness, or contentment

 Love: An intense feeling of deep affection

 Sadness: A feeling of sorrow or unhappiness

 Anger: A strong feeling of annoyance, displeasure, or hostility

 Fear: A strong feeling that something or someone is dangerous or likely to cause harm or threat

 Guilt: A feeling of having done wrong, failed an obligation, or crossed a personal value

 Shame: A painful feeling of humiliation or distress caused by the awareness of foolish behavior or behavior that crosses societal norms and that leaves you feeling ostracized or different

 Envy: A feeling of discontentment due to the desire to have a possession, attribute, or quality that someone else has

 Jealousy: A feeling of uneasiness from suspicion or fear of rivalry, or fear of something deeply important to you being taken

 Disgust: A feeling of revulsion or strong disapproval aroused by something unpleasant or offensive

Many of these emotions may be very familiar to you. We encourage you to look closely at two sets of emotions that are often less familiar and are frequently used incorrectly in common language. Look closely at the definitions of guilt and shame, and jealousy and envy. Better understanding the definition of these emotions will help you know how to label your experience.