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 Blood gas analyzers are considered accurate, making them the ideal test in the critical care unit. Blood gas analysis requires arterial blood draws, and monitoring via an arterial line would be preferred to provide adequate glucose control. Despite being invasive, it is the consensus recommendation for glucose monitoring of severely ill patients.

 Non‐invasive point‐of‐care (POC) glucose testing devices utilizing fingerstick or tiny amounts of blood obtained via an indwelling vascular line are the most widely used tests for hyperglycemia. These provide rapid results in critically ill patients where glucose fluctuations are unpredictable. POC testing, however, is inaccurate, sometimes differing by as much as 20% from reference values.

 Continuous glucose monitoring systems of the glucose in the interstitial space every 10 seconds is a promising test providing an average glucose value every 5 minutes.

 The glucose trend may be more useful than the absolute glucose value when using less accurate blood glucose monitors such as POC and continuous interstitial glucose monitors.

 Stress‐related hyperglycemia in the ICU is acute and therefore would not usually cause an elevation in hemoglobin A1c, making this a method to potentially differentiate between stress‐induced hyperglycemia and long‐standing diabetes.