Читать книгу Fermentation Processes: Emerging and Conventional Technologies - Группа авторов - Страница 27

This subgroup could be divided into two major subdivisions. The first one corresponds to the bacteria having low guanine (G) and cytosine (C) base pair content in their DNA and includes Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Leuconostoc, Streptococcus, Clostridium, Lactobacillus, and Mycoplasma. The second subdivision corresponds to the bacteria having high guanine (G) and cytosine (C) base pair content in their DNA and includes the actinomycetes (filamentous bacteria, e.g. Streptomyces), Mycobacterium, Micrococcus, and Corynebacterium.

Figure 1.6 Schematic representation of a prokaryotic cell (a) and a budding yeast cell (b). Insert represents a schematic structure of typical Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive cell envelopes. LPS = lipopolysaccharide; LP = lipoprotein; P = protein; PL = phospholipid; SP = surface protein; TP = transmembrane proteins.

The physiological difference between Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria is mainly in the composition of their cell envelopes (see insert in Figure 1.6).