Читать книгу Blood and Marrow Transplantation Long Term Management - Группа авторов - Страница 149

Significant late toxicity involving both the airways and the lung parenchyma is observed in at least 15% to 40% of patients after HSCT [17, 31‐33]. Most studies have been performed in adult patients and results are still conflicting, due to differences in patient selection and evaluation criteria, limited sample size, and short follow‐up. Moreover, the various pulmonary syndromes are not well defined or definable because of overlapping mechanisms and because they represent a continuous spectrum rather than distinct disorders. Sensitivity to cytotoxic agents and irradiation, infections, and immune‐mediated lung injury associated with GVHD are the most prominent factors, which contribute to late respiratory complications. Impaired growth of both lungs and chest wall can be additional factors in patients who are transplanted as young children.