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The word stewardship has become popular with the EPA in terms of voluntary programs to secure industry segment commitments. There have been multiple voluntary initiatives that accomplish PS principles in the absence of regulation. EPA actively facilitates coordination and collaboration among states, local governments, industry, and nongovernmental organizations on these issues. Many of their efforts are accomplished through voluntary programs that offer certain incentives in terms of efficiency of new chemical reviews or potential regulatory controls.

In a September 2007 EPA report from the Office of Inspector General, the following was noted: “The most significant change we found was in how EPA uses the term stewardship. Over the past three years, the scope of this term has expanded from 6 programs to over 400 stewardship opportunities. Now, these efforts encompass the majority of EPA's voluntary efforts” (EPA office of Inspector General, Report No. 2007‐P‐00041) (8).